The hydromethanolic extract of Sapindus saponaria L. aerial parts was investigated for antimicrobial activity (against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi) and capacity to inhibit the growth of different human tumor cell lines as also nontumor liver cells. The evaluated extract was further characterized in terms of phytochemicals using UV, (1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR, and MS spec...

in order to investigate the presence of carnation etched ring virus (cerv), samples of carnation (dianthus caryophyllus), sweet william (dianthus barbatus) and weed plants showing symptoms from greenhouses of khorasan razavi and northern khorasan provinces were collected in autumn 2009. polyclonal antiserum was used in order to detection of cerv by double- antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immuno...

Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality among cystic fibrosis patients immunocompromised individuals. Current antibiotics in the market are not successful against P. infections due to pathogen’s ability cause antibiotic resistance. Therefore, our prime objective formulate a liposomal-based anti-Pseudomonas vaccine th...

The aqueous extracts of the seeds oat ( Avena sativa L.), horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum L . ), soybean Glycine max cowherb Vaccaria hispanica [P. Mill.] Rauschert) and quinoa Chenopodium Willd.), roots soapwort Saponaria officinalis L.) without any preservatives were characterized in terms their surface tension, compression (dilational) rheology, foamability foam stability. saponin cont...

Carnation (Dianthus caryophylinus) is one of the most popular ornamental flowers worldwide. etched ring virus (CERV), belonging to Caulimovirus genus, second significant on carnation crops around world. CERV particles are isometric, with a diameter 47 nm, which contains double-stranded, circular DNA at length about 7932 kbp as genome. causes necrotic flecks, rings and line patterns leaves. Infe...

Saporin-6 produced by the plant Saponaria officinalis belongs to the family of single chain ribosome-inactivating proteins. It potently inhibits protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells, by cleaving the N-glycosidic bond of a specific adenine in 28 S rRNA, which results in the cell death. Saporin-6 has also been shown to be active on DNA and induces apoptosis. In the current study, we have investi...

Thirty years ago, the type 1 ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) saporin-S6 (also known as saporin) was isolated from Saponaria officinalis L. seeds. Since then, the properties and mechanisms of action of saporin-S6 have been well characterized, and it has been widely employed in the construction of conjugates and immunotoxins for different purposes. These immunotoxins have shown many interesti...

In the last decades, significant efforts have been dedicated to the search for novel vaccine adjuvants. In this regard, saponins and its formulations as "immunostimulating complexes" (ISCOMs) have shown to be capable of stimulating potent humoral and cellular immune responses, enhanced cytokine production and activation of cytotoxic T cells. The immunological activity of ISCOMs formulated with ...

Eight saporin peaks were obtained from the purification of seed extracts of Saponaria officinalis L. Saporin peak No. 6 (SAP-6) showed the highest activity in the inhibition of protein synthesis (98%) in an in vitro translation study. An immunotoxin (IT) was prepared from SAP-6 conjugated to a monoclonal anti-CEA antibody 26/5/1 (mab B) using N-succinimidyl pyridyl dithiopropionate (SPDP) and 2...