this research aims to evaluate the effects of seed scarification on five perennialastragalus species including a. effusus, a. vegetus, a. subsecundus, a. brevidens and a.cyclophyllon in the field conditions. seeds were sown after scarification with sandpaper byhand in the field of homand absard rangeland research station, damavand, iran in autumnin 2008. the seeds were sown using split plot des...

Three monkeys were trained to lift and hold a test object within a 12- to 25-mm position window for 1 s. The activity of single neurons was recorded during performance of the task in which both the weight and surface texture of the object were systematically varied. Whenever possible, each cell was tested with three weights (15, 65, and 115 g) and three textures (smooth metal, fine 200 grit san...

Abstract Developing high-performance separation membrane with good durability is a highly desired while challenging issue. Herein, we reported the successful fabrication of chemically and mechanically durable superhydrophobic that was prepared by embedding UiO-66 as size-sieving sites within supramolecular fiber structure collagen (CFM), followed polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coating. The as-prep...

The received electrical signal from a pulse-echo system insonifying a planar acoustical interface was measured for varying degrees of rms roughness (0 0.16 mm), angle of incidence (typically +/-7 ̊) and range to the transducer. A planar and a focused 5 MHz transducer was used. When insonifying a smooth interface, the normalized spectrum of the received signals for a planar transducer exhibits an...

The long-term success of a composite restoration largely depends on its smoothness, which can be achieved by the appropriate polishing tools and material selection. purpose this study was to evaluate surface roughness two materials after application selected systems. Filtek Ultimate (FU) Z250 (FZ) were tested. Forty specimens each prepared. After polymerization under Mylar strip, five samples f...

Anthyllis barba-jovis is a salt and drought tolerant evergreen shrub, native of the western-central Mediterranean coasts, with ornamental characteristics that make it worthy to be exploited for commercial use as an landscape plant. Therefore, present study aimed determine germination affected by seed-coat, temperature, photoperiod, seed storage period, first approach introduce species into flor...

Redesigning cropping systems to promote natural pest control requires a sound understanding of the regulation potential enemies. Sentinel preys are useful quantify biological control, but use aphid cards (aphids glued sandpaper card) is controversial for their lack realism. The objectives here were: (1) compare non-fixed beetle larvae resembling coleopteran pests, with respect consumers attract...

Oviparous species that reproduce in unpredictably variable environments risk depositing their eggs situations may become unsuitable for offspring survival at any time. This uncertainty often leads to selection iteroparity as a form of bet-hedging spread development spatially and temporally, thereby improving the odds some cohorts experiencing optimal conditions. Paradoxically, an iteroparous mo...

The process of making the Gandang Tamba traditional musical instrument in Padang Pariaman Regency. This study aims to describe instrument. approach used is a qualitative with descriptive research type. was conducted data collection techniques using observation, interview, and documentation techniques. Data analysis are carried out by reducing, presenting verifying data. aim find structure, proc...