Equipment control functions that were once hardwired are being implemented with software and very large scale integrated (VLSI) devices. Often this transition has resulted in increased flexibility, improved quality, and decreased costs. At the same time, it has created new concerns and challenges concerning worker safety. The visible and welldefined ladder diagram for relay-logic has been repla...

OBJECTIVE To measure the validity of safety behaviours, safety equipment use and hazards reported on a questionnaire by parents/carers with children aged under 5 years participating in a series of home safety case-control studies. METHODS The questionnaire measured safety behaviours, safety equipment use and hazards being used as exposures in five case-control studies. Responses to questions ...

Background: The reliability and safety of gas refineries are strongly associated with the reliability of other parts of the system. Defect and failure in one part of a system can cause total system breakdown or accident. The failure and damage in these equipment such as transformers and boilers results in not only the equipment damage and human injuries but also productivity reduction. The purp...

Purpose: Road traffic injuries are the leading cause of death under 30 years, causing over a million deaths every year. Helmets, seat-belts and child-restraints have an important role in death and injury prevention. Our purpose was to analyze how safety measures relate to pediatric polytrauma severity in road traffic injury. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted, including ...

INTRODUCTION Vape shops sell electronic cigarettes and related products such as e-liquids, which may contain nicotine. Direct contact with nicotine can lead to adverse health effects, and few regulations exist on how nicotine is handled in vape shops. This study examined how customers and employees come into contact with, and handle, nicotine-containing e-liquids in vape shops with the goal of ...

Risk Matrices have long been adopted in parts of the systems safety community as a simple means of categorisation of risk, yet they are often developed and used incorrectly leading to confusion and poor safety management. This paper seeks to cut through to the essential elements and help the reader avoid the common pitfalls. It focuses on system safety risks to people, but could be similarly ap...

Introduction: The steel industry is known as the most important consumer of energy and fuel. In doing so, ensuring safety of energy sources of a country needs to expect the risks analysis in order to select a comprehensive approach. This study aimed to identify the energy consumption and control measures available in the Hot Rolling Kavir Steel Complex and to conduct risk assessment by Energy...

background : due to specific conditions in hospitals such as accumulation, existence of disable persons and patients, different and complex equipment, chemical and infectious substances, flammable materials and ionized radiations, safety precautions is essential to prevent the occurrence of incidents such as fire, electric shock hazard and exposure to excessive levels in hospitals. this was the...