Cryptantha (Boraginaceae) is a group of approximately 200 annual and perennial species, representing two-thirds of the diversity within subtribe Cryptanthinae. The genus exhibits an amphitropic distribution, occurring in temperate and desert regions of western North and South America. Fifty samples of 45 species of Cryptantha s. l., exemplars of the related genera Amsinckia, Pectocarya, and Pla...

One of the most successful approaches in the synthesis of inhibitors of t he g lycosidases i s t he s ubstitution of t he e ndocyclic ox ygen i n monosaccharides by a nitrogen atom to get iminosugars. Given that many diseases h ave t heir o rigin i n t he malfunctioning of t hese e nzymes, t his glycomimetics bear s trong p otential a s dr ug c andidates. A t th eir p rotonated state, iminosuga...

After publication of the article [1], it has been brought to our attention that the original version of this Article contained a typo in the 3rd paragraph of the section 'Review process and data extraction'. It concerns the equation published as "Var(lnRR) = Var(lnR1 + lnR0)". On the right part, the "+" within the parenthesis should be "-", as defined and derived from the left part. As a result...

BACKGROUND The reservoir of Plasmodium infection in humans has traditionally been defined by blood slide positivity. This study was designed to characterize the local reservoir of infection in relation to the diverse var genes that encode the major surface antigen of Plasmodium falciparum blood stages and underlie the parasite's ability to establish chronic infection and transmit from human to ...

A four-dimensional ensemble variational (4D-EnVar) data assimilation has been developed for a limited area model. The integration of tangent linear and adjoint models, as applied in standard 4D-Var, is replaced with the use of an ensemble of non-linear model states to estimate fourdimensional background error covariances over the assimilation time window. The computational costs for 4D-En-Var a...

In this contribution to the mycoflora of Karaj, notes are given on 28 species of micromycetes (Peronosporales, Erysiphales, Dothideales, Leotiales, Ustilaginales and mitosporic fungi) mainly collected by the authors in various parts of Karaj area. Six species are new records for Iran viz. Ramularia geranii var. geranii on Geranium pyrenaicum, Septoria gallica on Colchicum robustum, Sphaerotheca...

FLO11 encodes a yeast cell wall flocculin that mediates a variety of adhesive phenotypes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Flo11p is implicated in many developmental processes, including flocculation, formation of pseudohyphae, agar invasion, and formation of microbial mats and biofilms. However, Flo11p mediates different processes in different yeast strains. To investigate the mechanisms by which F...

The taxonomic description of Streptomyces spadicogriseus, a new species belonging to the Gray Series of streptomycetes as classified by Pridham and Tresner, is presented. This new species is distinguishable from the known members of the Gray Series. Streptomyces spadicogriseus produces anthramycin but bears no taxonomic relation to the known producer of the antibiotic: S. refuineus var. thermot...

The Su(var)3-7 protein is essential for fly viability, and several lines of evidence support its key importance in heterochromatin formation: it binds to pericentric heterochromatin, it potently suppresses variegation and it interacts with HP1. However, the mode of action of Su(var)3-7 is poorly understood. Here we investigate in vivo the consequences of increased Su(var)3-7 expression on fly v...

Tinea pseudoimbricata is related to T. tonsurans and T. rubrum and crusted scabies is a highly contagious dermatosis caused by excessive proliferation of S. scabiei var. hominis. We described a case of a 21-year-old patient, seronegative for HIV, with both skin diseases. The occurrence of these dermatosis simultaneously in immunocompetent patients is very rare.