Background and aim: The present study examined the in vitro effect of pure glycoside Stevioside hydrate on pH, growth and biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans. Method: S. mutans were supplemented with different concentrations of Stevioside hydrate. Bacterial growth, metabolism and effect on biofilm formation were examined. Results: The presence of Stevioside hydrate had no significant effe...

Risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) is determined by genetic and environmental factors, among which folate status appears to play a key role. However, the precise nature of the link between low folate status and NTDs is poorly understood, and it remains unclear how folic acid prevents NTDs. We investigated the effect of folate level on risk of NTDs in splotch (Sp(2)(H)) mice, which carry a mutat...

Self-incompatibility has been studied by using controlled pollination, pollen tube growth and PCR methods in the Iranian almond ‘Mamaei.’. Pollen tube growth and fruit set following self and cross-pollination treatments were evaluated. The percentage of initial and final fruit set was determined for each treatment at 30 and 60 days after controlled pollination. Pollen germination and pollen ...

one of the most famous horticultural exporting products of iran is saffron. at present, the main region for the production of saffron is the northeast region of iran (khorasan-e razavi and southern khorasan provinces). the present research intends to survey the suitable areas for cultivation of saffron in the west of iran (kermanshah and kurdistan provinces) which, in the climatic conditions, i...

giardia lamblia is one of the most common intestinal protozoan parasites infecting human in the world. the goal of this study was searching for in-vitro effect of folic acid and cobalamin on adhesion and growth of g. lamblia as two important mechanisms in the pathogenesis in tyi-s-33 medium. g. lamblia trophozoites were obtained by in- vitro excystation procedure. three groups of giardia tropho...

Let G be a group generated by a finite subset S; define S to be the set Ž . < n < of all products of at most n elements of S, and let a S s S be the n n Ž . Ž . Ž . Ž . number of elements in S . As a S satisfies 1 F a S F a S ? a S , n nqm n m Ž .1r n Ž . Ž .1r n the limit lim a S exists, and a S s lim a S G 1. Although the n n Ž . exact value of a S depends on the generating set S, it is well ...

in this paper, we examine influence oil shocks on macroeconomic variables and dutch disease phenomena when these variables encountered positive oil revenue shocks. statistical model which is copula approach is used to show when iran&apos;s macroeconomic variables encountered positive oil revenue casus dutch disease and oil revenue has non-symmetric influence on the growth economic. in another w...

Background:The utility and efficacy of novel materials in tissue regeneration and antimicrobial therapy are contingent upon the employment of either blood derivatives rich in platelets or platelet-poor-plasma (PPP). This effect is largely mediated by the increased or decreased concentration of platelets in the plasma. The current study aimed t...

b a s e don folic acid biosynthetic pathway a mathematical model was made for bacterial growth to describe the synergistic effect between sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. the results obtained show a strong synergism at growth inhibiting concentrations of these two drugs. two cyclic pathways included in the model are responsible for this synergism. the roles of these pathways in producing syne...