Although neuropeptide Y (NPY) is established as a transmitter in many regions of the nervous system, the role of other peptides of the pancreatic polypeptide (PP) family in the CNS is obscure. This study provides evidence that PP-like peptides in the "primitive" CNS of a cyclostome are composed of different molecular forms, which are stored in separate neuronal populations with apparently diffe...

BACKGROUND In humans, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition attenuates the vasoconstriction induced by sympathetic stimulation in a number of peripheral districts. Whether this is also the case in the coronary circulation is unknown, however. METHODS AND RESULTS In nine normotensive patients with angiographically assessed coronary atherosclerosis, we measured the changes in mean arte...

Vitamin D may protect against cardiovascular disease, but its association with cardiac function is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the associations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) with heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and the rate-pressure product (RPP). Data analyses were carried out on 27,153 participants aged > or =20 years, with measurements of serum 25(OH)D, heart ...

OBJECTIVE Allium hirtifolium (Persian shallot) has a hypoglycemic effect on diabetic animals. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the ethyl acetate fraction of Allium hirtifolium on the function of isolated hearts of diabetic rats. METHODS The control and diabetic animals were randomly divided into four groups: saline- or extract-treated controls (n=10 and n=6, respectively) and...

OBJECTIVE Doxorubicin (DOX) induces cardiac dysfunction. Paracetamol (APAP) has also been established as an effective cardioprotective agent during ischemia/reperfusion. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of APAP on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in ischemia/reperfused isolated rat heart. METHODS A total of 36 rats were equally divided into four groups: control, DOX (30 min, 20 µM ...

PURPOSE Cardiovascular responses of traditional resistance (TS) training have been extensively explored. However, the fatigue mechanisms associated with an intra-set rest configuration (ISR) have not been investigated. This study compares two modalities of set configurations for resistance exercise that equates work to rest ratios and measures the central and peripheral fatigue in combination w...

BACKGROUND We carried out this study to compare the efficacy of oral gabapentin and clonidine premedication for controlling the pressor responses to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. METHODS In this double-blind clinical trial, ninety-six patients were randomly allocated to one of three groups according to the agents to be used before the induction of anaesthesia: Group P (n = 32) receive...

Spatial monitoring of tetracycline (TC)-resistant bacteria in sediments of the Mekong River watershed revealed that the main waterway showed a high occurrence rate of TC-resistant bacteria, whereas Tonle Sap Lake and the Sai Gon estuary did not. The Shannon index (H'), an indicator of ecological diversity, was calculated from denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles, which indica...

Pressure natriuresis may be mediated through increases in inner medullary vasa recta blood flow (QvR). By means of acute renal decapsulation to prevent increases in renal interstitial hydrostatic pressure (RIHP), the effect of increases in QVR in the presence and absence of changes in RIHP in the natriuretic and diuretic responses to increases in renal perfusion pressure (RPP) was evaluated. Bl...

Determination of the factors influencing renal vascular resistance (RVR) at very low perfusion pressures (RPP) is of interest, since prolonged periods of reduced perfusion can lead to acute renal failure. We have studied the effects of inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system on renal blood flow (RBF), measured by electromagnetic flow probe, over a subautoregulatory pressure range of BOSS mm ...