The toroidal dipole is a localized electromagnetic excitation, distinct from the magnetic and electric dipoles. While the electric dipole can be understood as a pair of opposite charges and the magnetic dipole as a current loop, the toroidal dipole corresponds to currents flowing on the surface of a torus. Toroidal dipoles provide physically significant contributions to the basic characteristic...

Nowadays, steel shear walls are used as efficient lateral-load-resistant systems due to their high lateral stiffness and carrying capacity. In this paper, the effect of substituting a shape memory alloy (SMA) material is investigated instead of using conventional steel in the shear wall. A numerical study is conducted using finite element method (FEM) by OpenSees software. For this purpose, at ...

In this paper a combination of a rotation invariant method with a method which utilizes rotation normalization is proposed. Both methods used are based on 2D/3D Krawtchouk moments. The first method is an extension of that which was originally introduced in [1] and utilizes 2D Krawtchouk moments while the second method was originally introduced in [2] and utilizes 3D Krawtchouk moments.1

Crystal specimens of the γ-polymorph of achiral glycine which crystallize in space groups P31 and P32 as determined by the anomalous X-ray scattering method are shown to be laevorotatory and dextrorotatory, respectively, as determined by optical rotation of the crystals.

We present a relation between the rotation of chain transitive sets and the rotation shadowing for annulus homeomorphisms isotopic to identity.

We explore the interplay between tunneling process and chiral interactions in the discrimination of chiral states for an ensemble of molecules in a biological environment. Each molecule is described by an asymmetric double-well potential and the environment is modeled as a bath of harmonic oscillators. We carefully analyze different time-scales appearing in the resulting master equation at both...

We prove that a C 2+α-smooth orientation-preserving circle diffeomorphism with rotation number in Diophantine class D δ , 0 < δ < α ≤ 1, is C 1+α−δ-smoothly conjugate to a rigid rotation. We also derive the most precise version of Denjoy's inequality for such diffeomorphisms.

We have studied the noise in the optical rotation of a linearly polarized laser beam transmitted through a spin-polarized (133)Cs vapor as a function of its frequency detuning from the optical resonance. Our measurements demonstrate the direct conversion of the laser-frequency noise into optical rotation noise by the dispersive response of the atomic vapor. We describe this noise-conversion pro...

the present study focuses on the performance of precast concrete beam-column dowel connections subjected to cyclic loading by conducting experiments. in this study, one-third scale model of two types of precast and a monolithic beam-column connection were cast and tested under reverse cyclic loading. the precast connections considered for this study is a beam-column connection where beam is con...

The purpose of this study was to compare physical and physiological fitness test performance between Soldiers meeting the Department of Defense (DoD) body fat standard (< or = 18%) and those exceeding the standard (> 18%). Ninety-nine male 101st Airborne (Air Assault) Soldiers were assigned to group 1: < or = 18% body fat (BF) or group 2: > 18% BE. Groups 1 and 2 had similar amounts of fat-free...