dust can be produced by almost all production processes in portland cement factory. dust exposure potentially can affect respiratory function. but evidence for respiratory effect of cement dust exposure has not been conclusive. in this study we assessed effect of cement dust exposure on respiratory function in a cement production factory. a respiratory symptoms questionnaire was completed and p...

The current manuscript presents a review on existing kiln burner technologies for the cement production process, in context of climate energy transition and environmental remediation. Environmental legislation has become ever stricter response to global change, plants need adapt this new reality order remain competitive market ensure their longevity. process is well-established technology with ...

Magnesium oxide (MgO)-based refractories are commonly used in quicklime and cement rotary kilns. At the high temperatures kiln burn zone, infiltration of molten fuel ash into refractory can occur. Subsequent chemical interactions cause wear that inflicts maintenance costs loss production. To improve reliability, it is necessary to increase understanding between slag liner materials. Three comme...

in this research, energetic andexergetic analysis of calcium oxide formation, co2 emissions, andenvironmental effects during the clinker production process in rotary kilnare investigated. first the energy and exergy analysis of rotary kiln were carried out according to the first and second law of thermodynamics based on dead state, respectively. consequently, the amount of co2 emissions associa...

Chromium is one of the 25 most widespread elements in the Earth’s crust and occurs as an indelible non-volatile trace element in raw materials used in cement clinker production (clay, limestone and iron additives in particular). Chromium in raw materials mentioned above is mainly in form of trivalent chromium. Naturally occurring chromium (III) is not initially harmful, since it is chemically s...