Endoscopic resection (ER) of early gastric cancer (EGC) has been an optimal treatment for selected patients. As endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been widely used for treatment of EGC, concerns have been asked to achieve curative resection for EGC while guaranteeing precise prediction of lymph node metastasis (LNM). Moreover, a new microscopic imaging for precise endoscopic diagnosis o...

Surgery is the accepted standard treatment of early gastrointestinal cancer, defined as cancer with involvement confined to the mucosa or submucosa, regardless of the size or the presence of regional lymph-node metastases. However, recent progress in endoscopic technique has made it possible to treat gastrointestinal neoplasm. For example, early gastric cancer confined to the mucosa can be trea...

An 80-year-old woman was diagnosed of a 10 cm colorectal laterally spreading tumor granular-type in the splenic flexure (Fig. 1). Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was performed but pediatric colonoscope approach (PCF-Q260JI, Olympus, Japan) was technically difficult due to the narrow transverse colon working space. Then, single-balloon endoscopy system using a 3.2 mm channel gastroscope (...

BACKGROUND Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) was originally designed for local endoscopic excision of benign and low-grade mucosal rectal lesions through an endoscopic system. The procedure is particularly challenging for submucosal and retrorectal lesions, as the tumor margins are not well defined. OBJECTIVE To investigate patient and surgical characteristics of TEM as a treatment for ...