The quorum-sensing inhibitor RIP inhibits staphylococcal TRAP/agr systems and both TRAP- and agr-negative strains are deficient in biofilm formation in vivo, indicating the importance of quorum sensing to biofilms in the host. RIP injected systemically into rats has been found to have strong activity in preventing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus graft infections, suggesting that RIP...

Tumor suppressor p53 plays a critical role in cellular responses, such as cell cycle arrest and apoptosis following DNA damage. DNA damage-induced cell death can be mediated by a p53-dependent or p53-independent pathway. Although p53-mediated apoptosis has been well documented, little is known about the signaling components of p53-independent cell death. Here we report that the death domain kin...

In this paper, we present an RIP module with the features of supporting multiple inductive sensors, no variable frequency LC oscillator, low power consumption, and automatic gain adjustment for each channel. Based on the method of inductance measurement without using a variable frequency LC oscillator, we further integrate pulse amplitude modulation and time division multiplexing scheme into a ...

In past studies conducted by our group, riparin I (rip I) isolated from the green fruit of Aniba riparia presented antianxiety effects in mice, while its analogs rip II and III showed anxiolytic and antidepressant-like actions. This time around, we investigated a possible antidepressant activity of rip I using the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) as predictive tests for...

The tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) and the Fas receptor recruit complexes formed by the interactions between RIP kinase, TRADD, FADD and RAIDD — adaptor proteins that contain death domains – which in turn recruit other proteins to initiate signaling [1–5]. To identify proteins associated with the TNF signaling pathway, we performed a yeast twohybrid interaction screen using RIP as bai...

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) (Apo2 ligand [Apo2L]) is a member of the TNF superfamily and has been shown to have selective antitumor activity. Although it is known that TRAIL (Apo2L) induces apoptosis and activates NF-kB and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) through receptors such as TRAIL-R1 (DR4) and TRAIL-R2 (DR5), the components of its signaling cascade ha...

STAT3 is a ubiquitous transcription factor that is indispensable during early embryogenesis. To study the functions of STAT3 postnatally, we generated conditional STAT3-deficient mice. To that end, STAT3(lox/lox) mice were crossed with mice expressing Cre under the control of rat insulin II gene promoter (RIP-Cre mice). Immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses showed that STAT3 is deleted ...

Relative ingroup prototypicality (RIP) is an important concept in the ingroup projection model of social discrimination and tolerance. This paper reviews measures of RIP currently in use and critically examines how the notion of relative ingroup prototypicality is captured by statistical tests treating RIP as a single variable. It is concluded that composite measures of RIP imply multiple stati...