Pectus carinatum (PC) is a chest deformity caused by a disproportionate growth of the costal cartilages compared to the bony thoracic skeleton, pulling the sternum towards, which leads to its protrusion. There has been a growing interest on using the 'reversed Nuss' technique as a minimally invasive procedure for PC surgical correction. A corrective bar is introduced between the skin and the th...

1 Roberge RJ, Morgenstern MJ, Osborn H et al. Cough fracture of the ribs. Am _J Emerg Med 1984; 2: 5137. 2 Richardson EC. Indirect fracture of the rib in pulmonary tuberculosis. JAMA 1936; 106: 1543. 3 Wynn-Williams N. Cough fracture of the ribs unassociated with pulmonary tuberculosis. BMJ 1951; 2: 1494. 4 Chodosh S, Segal MS. Chronic bronchitis. N Engl J Med 1982; 270: 894. 5 Ginsburg M. Spon...

The fixation of an artificial intervertebral disc has been studied especially with respect to the dimensions, the convexity of the endplates and the size of the fixation elements. From literature and cadaveric vertebrae, the dimensions and shape of the lumbar vertebral endplates were determined and the dimensions of fixation ribs for the artificial intervertebral disc were calculated. To withst...

Real-time agent-centric algorithms have been used for learning and solving problems since the introduction of the LRTA* algorithm in 1990. In this time period, numerous variants have been produced, however, they have generally followed the same approach in varying parameters to learn a heuristic which estimates the remaining cost to arrive at a goal state. Recently, a different approach, RIBS, ...

Computational study was carried out to determine average heat transfer coefficients and friction factors for turbulent flow through rectangular ducts with ribs. A commercial finite volume package ANSYS FLUENT 12.1 is used to analyze and visualize the nature of the flow across the ribbed duct The fluid in the duct was air, and the average heat transfer coefficients were determined by measuring t...

Methods We have observed 10 consecutive patients with flail chest at 1,5-year period. They were 7 male, 3 female. The age was 42-71 years. Four patients also had multiple injuries and underwent operations on other organs. The terms before thoracic operation were 24 – 72 hours. Number of fractured ribs was from 4 to 10. The fractures of right ribs were at 3 patients, of left ribs – at 2 patient,...

Introduction: Generally, geometrical parameters of the cyclone have a profound effect on determining its performance. The air outlet (Vortex Finder) as one of the cyclone’s components has a significant impact on the cyclone’s internal flow pattern, pressure drop and even dust removal efficiency. Material and Methods: Two different air outlets were designed in order to be easily installed and r...

The turtle body plan differs markedly from that of other vertebrates and serves as a model system for studying structural and developmental evolution. Incorporation of the ribs into the turtle shell negates the costal movements that effect lung ventilation in other air-breathing amniotes. Instead, turtles have a unique abdominal-muscle-based ventilatory apparatus whose evolutionary origins have...

Many approaches for mediastinal tumor resection have been reported. Superior mediastinal tumors that involve the thoracic inlet and adjacent structures pose problems to thoracic surgeons. The cervicothoracic junction is difficult to access because of the crowded anatomy of this region. No single approach provides the best access to all of the tumors in this region. We introduce the cervical-tho...

Traumatic ruptures of the diaphragm occur most frequently at blunt injuries of the abdomen or thorax as a component of polytraumatism. At the acute stage they present a serious diagnostic problem since signs of polytrauma are predominant. The authors report 3 cases of traumatic rupture of the diaphragm with thoracotomy as the therapeutic approach. The first patient presented with severe polytra...