A glycoprotein (Cpgp40/15)-encoding gene of Cryptosporidium parvum was analyzed to reveal intraspecies polymorphism within C. parvum isolates. Forty-one isolates were collected from different geographical origins (Japan, Italy, and Nepal) and hosts (humans, calves, and a goat). These isolates were characterized by means of DNA sequencing, PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP),...

Candida dubliniensis is a novel Candida spp. that is similar to Candida albicans with respect to several phenotypic characteristics. However, they differ from each other with respect to epidemiology, pathogenesis, and the rapid development of resistance to fluconazole. In the present study, we used a single-enzyme PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technique to differentiate C....

A new method of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis was developed for genetic typing of a point mutation of the Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk) gene in CBA/N mice bearing an X-linked recessive immunodeficiency (xid). Since restriction site useful for RFLP analysis does not exist in the spontaneous mutant Btk locus, an artificial restriction site...

Two groups of Trypanosoma congolense isolates collected from cattle in 1996 (n=39) and 2003 (n=38) in the Eastern Province of Zambia were analyzed by BclI-PCR-RFLP to assess the evolution of diminazene aceturate (DA) resistance over a period of seven years. The results show a significant increase of DA resistance in this relatively short period of time. In 1996, among the 39 isolates, 61.5% wer...

The diagnosis of mutations that are responsible for human genetic diseases is important, and several molecular biology techniques based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (1), have been specially developed for this purpose (2-8) . For some of these techniques it is the presence or the absence of a PCR product that constitutes the analytical step, ie proves the presence of the mutation. In order...

INTRODUCTION The T to C transition at nucleotide 1565 of the human glycoprotein IIIa (ITGB3) gene represents a genetic polymorphism (PlA1/A2) that can influence both platelet activation and aggregation and that has been associated with many types of disease. Here, we present a newly designed multiplex tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system - polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS-PCR)...

background: fusarium species are capable of causing a wide range of crop plants infections as well as uncommon hu­man infections. many species of the genus produce mycotoxins, which are responsible for acute or chronic diseases in ani­mals and humans. identification of fusaria to the species level is necessary for biological, epidemiological, pathologi­cal, and toxicological purposes. in this s...

pasteurella multocida (p. multocida), a gram-negative facultative anaerobic bacterium, is a causative animal pathogen in porcine atrophic rhinitis and avian fowl cholera. the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria contains of many different protein in very high copy numbers. one of the major outer membrane, the h proteins have functional as high immunogenicity and antigenicity. in this study...

a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) test was performed to investigate the allele frequencies of the insulin-like growth factor (igf1 and igf2 genes) in 90 broilerchickens. a 793 bp fragment of igf1 gene and 1146 bp fragment of igf2 gene were amplified and digested with hinfi and hsp92ii restriction enzymes,respectively. two types of alleles of a and b...