Restricted permutations are those constrained by having to avoid subsequences ordered in various prescribed ways. They have functioned as a convenient descriptor for several sets of permutations which arise naturally in combinatorics and computer science. We study the partial order on permutations (and more general sequences) that underlies the idea of restriction and which gives rise to sets o...

INTRODUCTION In 2004, the National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity (NSABB) was created as an independent federal advisory body. Its role was to advise the U.S. government on strategies to prevent the misuse of dual-use research. Since its inception, the NSABB has ruled on two cases: the 1918 flu-virus synthesis conducted by government scientists in 2005 and the H5N1 experiment conducted ...

The Longest Common Subsequence (LCS) of two or more strings is a fundamental well-studied problem which has a wide range of applications throughout computational sciences. When the common subsequence must contain one or more constraint strings as subsequences, the problem becomes the Constrained LCS (CLCS) problem. In this paper we consider the Restricted LCS (RLCS) problem, where our goal is f...

We prove a known partitions theorem by Bell in an elementary and constructive way. Our proof yields a simple recursive method to compute the corresponding Sylvester polynomials for the partition. The previous known methods to obtain these polynomials are in general not elementary. 1. Proof of Bell's theorem. The main purpose of this section is to prove the following theorem, originally proved b...

Restricted-orientation convexity, also called O-convexity, is the study of geometric objects whose intersection with lines from some xed set is empty or connected. We introduce restricted-orientation halfspaces, which are an O-convexity analog of halfspaces, explore their properties, and demonstrate their relationship to restricted-orientation convex sets. ABSTRACT Restricted-orientation convex...

Background The health and weight control benefits of low carbohydrate diets are well established. Likewise, nutrient timing has been shown to effectively enhance exercise performance. However, there exists an apparent conflict between these two dietary strategies. In fact, many authorities consider high glycemic carbohydrates to be a necessary component of nutrient timing and there is no place ...

We have investigated model systems in which effects from non-Gaussian restricted diffusion could be separated from effects caused by multiple diffusion coefficients. We applied various models to analyze the experimental data. An analysis based on multiexponential models does not account correctly for effects caused by restricted diffusion in a system with multiple compartments. However, separat...

The literature suggests that there are two factors that explain why speakers mark contrastive information: either because it is easy for themselves or because it helps their listeners. The present study investigates whether speakers indeed take their listeners’ knowledge into account when prosodically marking contrastive information. A production experiment elicited references to figures (e.g. ...