Attributions of what we shall call normative responsibilities play a central role in everyday moral thinking. It is commonly thought, for example, that parents are responsible for the wellbeing of their children, and that this has important normative consequences. Depending on context, it might mean that parents are morally required to bring their children to the doctor, feed them well, attend ...

Torrey and Yolken should be commended for adding to the burgeoning reports in the recent psychiatric literature describing the genocide committed by our colleagues during the Nazi era. That it has taken close to 60 years to confront this dark period in the history of psychiatry does not diminish the importance of finally dealing with it. It is painfully shameful that close to 300 000 individual...

As the world’s second largest carbon emitter, China has long been criticised as a ‘free-rider’ enjoying benefits from other countries’ efforts to abate greenhouse gas emissions but not taking due responsibilities of its own. China has been singled out as one of the major targets at the subsequent negotiations after the Kyoto curtain had fallen. By analysing the historical contributions of inter...

the aim of this study was to evaluate sport coaches' practical obligation towards their legal responsibilities from urmia athletes' viewpoints. the research method was descriptive–survey carried out as a field. 384 athletes of urmia city were randomly selected. a researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data and its reliability was evaluated by test–retest method (coefficient...

a r t i c l e i n f o A new concept, commitments, is introduced and defined as " agreements between two or more social actors to carry out future actions " and its incorporation into, and articulation of, the actors–resources–activities model described. Commitments are distinguished from the concept of commitment as traditionally used in inter-organisational relationships. The latter is mainly ...

How should agents shape a finite “reputational" history to their advantage knowing that others will be learning from that history? We focus on one leader interacting with multiple followers and show that in most non-zero-sum games, the traditional Stackelberg mixed commitment is very fragile to observational uncertainty. We propose robust commitment rules that anticipate being learned and show ...