Diphtheria is caused by diphtheria toxin-producing Corynebacterium species. While classical respiratory diphtheria is transmitted by droplets, cutaneous diphtheria often results from minor trauma. This report concerns the first case of sexually transmitted diphtheria in a patient with non-gonococcal urethritis after orogenital contact.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), also known as chronic lung disease (CLD), is the most common serious morbidity associated with premature birth, particularly among those infants who have respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and receive mechanical ventilation after birth. BPD is characterized by lung inflammation and scarring, which are thought to be the effects of excessive (or inadequate) vent...

OBJECTIVE To determine the attributable mortality of ventilator-associated pneumonia in a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Ventilator-associated pneumonia is generally believed to increase the mortality of patients. This notion is predominantly based on the results of observational studies. DATA SOURCE We performed a systematic search strategy using PubMed, Web of...

IMPROVİNG THE PREPAREDNESS OF CİBİRU WETAN PKK CADRES FOR DİSASTER RESİLİENCE DURİNG COVİD-19 PANDEMİC. Cibiru is a high-risk area for natural and man-made disasters, so efforts must be made to reduce the risk of disaster impacts. One effort that can strengthen Wetan village's resilience by increasing preparedness deal with emergency cases caused such as respiratory arrest, cardiac trauma, emer...

Apneusis, or apneustic respirations, is characterized by an abnormal breathing pattern involving gasping and the inability to fully expire. A loss of gag reflex and other cranial nerve deficits are also often accompanied with these respiratory changes. In neurological intensive care units (NICUs), these respiratory and airway changes are not uncommon and have been well documented (Lee et al. 19...

Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a serious clinical disorder occurring in trauma patients. The diagnosis of fat embolism syndrome may be difficult to establish clinically. We therefore wanted to investigate the usefulness of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in the diagnostic evaluation of fat embolism syndrome. We analysed the presence of fat droplets in BAL cells in 32 trauma patients (7 with full d...

Type II diabetes mellitus affects all age group and may underestimated in clinical practice. Approximately, 38 % of adults admitted acutely to the general hospital wards are identified to have hyperglycemia. Various associated adverse outcomes in hyperglycemic patients include severe hospital-acquired pneumonia, severe pulmonary infections with antimicrobial resistance, particularly Staphylococ...

A motorcyclist was involved in a motor vehicle accident and presented with respiratory distress and neck swelling with surgical emphysema. He sustained gross tracheal injury, severe pneumothoraces and lung contusions. As intubation was successful, the tracheal injury was not addressed immediately in view of the other severe respiratory problems. Evidence of aspiration lead to further investigat...

FORMATION of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema has been observed after a variety of inciting events, including upper airway obstruction (negative pressure pulmonary edema [NPPE]), acute lung injury, anaphylaxis, fluid maldistribution, and severe central nervous system trauma (neurogenic pulmonary edema). Both the diagnosis of pulmonary edema and an understanding of its underlying pathophysiology h...

BACKGROUND Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a congenital abnormality, rare in adults with a frequency of 0.17-6%. Diaphragmatic rupture is an infrequent consequence of trauma, occurring in about 5% of severe closed thoraco-abdominal injuries. Clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic cases to serious respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms. Diagnosis depends on anamnesis, clinical...