physiology, 8th edn. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008: 46–7 3 Vieillard-Baron A, Schmitt JM, Augarde R, et al. Acute cor pulmonale in acute respiratory distress syndrome submitted to protective ventilation: incidence, clinical implications, and prognosis. Crit Care Med 2001; 29: 1551–5 4 Schmitt JM, Vieillard-Baron A, Augarde R, Prin S, Page B, Jardin F. Positive end-expiratory...

Although it has been conventionally believed that negative frequency dependence of respiratory resistance and deep decline of respiratory reactance during expiratory phase in COPD are due to ventilation inhomogeneity caused by small airway obstructions, there have been neither experimental theoretical evidence. We have recently confirmed that the airflow limitation site in COPD is the intra-med...

For the first time, respiratory complex I has been reconstituted on an electrode preserving its structure and activity. Respiratory complex I is a membrane-bound enzyme that has an essential function in cellular energy production. It couples NADH:quinone oxidoreduction to translocation of ions across the cellular (in prokaryotes) or mitochondrial membranes. Therefore, complex I contributes to t...

Human physiology changes are often amplified in disease states and may be altered when a patient is mechanically ventilated. Normally, systolic blood pressure is slightly lower during inspiration than expiration due to the change in intrathoracic pressure. Pulsus paradoxus is a phenomenon in which the difference in systolic blood pressure (BP) between inspiration and expiration is more than 10 ...

in this study, a novel variable impedance control for a lower-limb rehabilitation robotic system using voltage control strategy is presented. the majority of existing control approaches are based on control torque strategy, which require the knowledge of robot dynamics as well as dynamic of patients. this requires the controller to overcome complex problems such as uncertainties and nonlinearit...

The effects of three different regimens of inhaled bronchodilators on spirometry and respiratory impedance as measured with the technique of forced oscillations were compared in a double-blind crossover study in 22 patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (FEV1 less than 70 percent predicted). On three trial days, patients inhaled, in random order, 40 micrograms ipratropium br...

A 90-year-old woman with hypertension and a history of a dual-chamber, rate-modulated (DDDR) pacemaker implantation 9 years previously presented to the hospital with complaints of syncope, moderate shortness of breath, and a headache. She denied any other symptoms. Her vital signs were as follows: blood pressure, 110/80 mmHg; pulse, 35 beats/min (bpm); and respiratory rate, 18 breaths/min. One ...

Respiratory Pattern Disturbances in Ischemic Cerebral Vascular Disease • Impedance pneumography was used to monitor respiratory rates and patterns in 49 patients with acute ischemic cerebral vascular disease. Nine patients had clinical evidence of bilateral ischemic cerebral disease. In one of these, normal respiratory pattern was present at all times; in five, there was intermittent Cheyne-Sto...

Airway function is usually assessed by tests of forced expiration or, in more specialised laboratories, by measuring airways resistance by whole body plethysmography. Plethysmography depends on the patients' cooperation and requires expensive and bulky apparatus. An alternative non-invasive technique for measuring airflow resistance, using forced oscillation, was introduced by DuBois and collea...