A study was done in 2021 the Kailari rural minicipality, Gauriganga municipality, Godawari and Dhangadhi sub-metro politian city of Kailali district to analyze economics wheat production. total 200 samples (50 from each village) were selected by using a simple random sampling technique. Most respondents (91 percent) had agriculture as primary occupation. The area under (Triticum aestivum) culti...

abstractgiven the importance of the notion of efficiency in the country's economic growth, measuring the efficiency and the technology gap for various industries in order to achieve the best possible resource assignment, following the declared policy goals, is of particular importance for those countries, such as iran, which are now at the early stages of the industrialization process. hen...

N owadays, innovation considered as the most important factor, which can affect economic growth extraordinary. Therefore, investigating the effect of variables affecting innovation has priority. In this study, we try to investigate 1) the natural resource curse hypothesis and 2) the effect of institutional quality on the way in which natural resources affects innovation. To investiga...

Pine-oak ecosystems are globally distributed even though differences in anatomy and leaf habit between many co-occurring oaks and pines suggest different strategies for resource use, efficiency and stomatal behavior. The New Jersey Pinelands contain sandy soils with low water- and nutrient-holding capacity providing an opportunity to examine trade-offs in resource uptake and efficiency. Therefo...

In this paper we analyze the factors that drive the adoption of innovative resource efficiency strategies to reduce energy and material use, under different market conditions. We uncover the “paradox” of lower adoption of resource efficiency strategies in an economic downturn and identify the characteristics of firms that adopt these strategies. Using data from a French survey with responses fr...

This paper presents a multi-player multi-issue negotiation model to solve a resource allocation problem. We design a multilateral negotiation protocol, by which rational players bid sequentially in consecutive rounds till a deadline. Every player’s bid is a combination of all resource allocations for himself. In this framework, we perform a thorough theoretical analysis of the negotiation with ...

This work explores the historical effectiveness of efficiency improvements in reducing mankind’s impact on the earth. Ten activities are analyzed, including pig iron production, aluminum production, nitrogen fertilizer production, electricity generation from coal, oil, and natural gas, freight rail travel, passenger air travel, motor vehicle travel, and refrigeration. The data and analyses pres...