The unanticipated brittle fracture of connection of the steel moment resisting frame (SMRF) occurred in 1994 the Northridge earthquake. Since then, the researches for the vulnerability of connection of the existing SMRF and for rehabilitation of those buildings were conducted. This paper suggests performance-based optimal seismic retrofit technique using connection upgrade. For optimal design, ...

Seismic design may require non-conventional concept, due to the fact that the stiffness and layout of the structure have a great effect on the overall structural behaviour, on the seismic load intensity as well as on the internal force distribution. To find an economical and optimal structural configuration the key issue is the optimal design of the lateral load resisting system. This paper foc...

partial frames provide a rich context in which to do pointfree structured and unstructured topology. a small collection of axioms of an elementary nature allows one to do much traditional pointfree topology, both on the level of frames or locales, and that of uniform or metric frames. these axioms are sufficiently general to include as examples bounded distributive lattices, $sigma$-frames, $ka...

Defining phenotypes according to molecular features would promote the knowledge of functional traits like behaviour in both human and animal research. Beside physiological states or environmental factors, an innate predisposition of individual coping strategies was discussed, including the proactive and reactive pattern. According to backtest reactivity, animals assigned as high-resisting (proa...

It is known that the seismic response of a structural system is highly influenced, in addition to the earthquake input, by the dynamic characteristics of the system itself. This paper presents an approach for the identification of the characteristics of the structural system resisting to horizontal loads which enables to satisfy given seismic performance objectives. This is achieved by consider...

Exposing day 5 bovine morulae to reactive oxygen species induces a delayed degeneration of some blastocysts on day 8 post-insemination (pi) but without affecting the blastocyst rates. The aim of this study was to characterize the resisting and the degenerating population of blastocysts. The kinetics of degeneration of the embryos exposed to the two pro-oxidant agents: 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinoprop...

People need durable shelters for living safely due to devastation caused by flooding in some areas, and it is not easy mitigate the frequency intensity of flooding. Therefore, this research, an industrialized building system (IBS) has been proposed as one best solutions. However, most existing IBSs were designed tested resisting a sudden horizontal impact. Furthermore, joints would likely be vu...

a generalization of the known results in fusion frames and $g$-frames theory to continuous fusion frames which defined by m. h. faroughi and r. ahmadi, is presented in this study. continuous resolution of the identity (cri) is introduced, a new family of cri is constructed, and a number of reconstruction formulas are obtained. also, new results are given on the duality of continuous fusion fram...

the aim of the present paper is to evaluate the influence of the soil- foundation- structure interaction (sfsi) effects on the component demand modifier factor of concrete gravity beams based on asce 41-06 standard. to this end, the beam on the nonlinear winkler foundation approach is employed which is a simple and efficient method. at first, four sets of 3-, 6-, 10- and 15-storey concrete mome...