Although best known for cooperation, insect societies also manifest many potential conflicts among individuals. These conflicts involve both direct reproduction by individuals and manipulation of the reproduction of colony members. Here we review five major areas of reproductive conflict in insect societies: (a) sex allocation, (b) queen rearing, (c) male rearing, (d) queen-worker caste fate, a...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence and examine the factors associated with reproductive desire among women living with HIV/AIDS (WLWHA) in Central Brazil. METHODS A cross-sectional study involving 274 WLWHA, aged 18 to 49 years, was conducted with the support of treatment services and non-governmental organizations that assist people living with HIV/AIDS. Data...

Objective The success of assisted reproductive technology (ART) may be influenced by male and female lifestyle-related factors. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility of conducting a larger prospective cohort study, which will aim at determining the independent contribution of male and female lifestyle-related factors to ART success. The study was also designed to exa...

The neuroendocrine mechanism regulates reproduction through the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis which is evolutionarily conserved in vertebrates. The HPG axis is regulated by a variety of internal as well as external factors. Serotonin, a monoamine neurotransmitter, is involved in a wide range of reproductive functions. In mammals, serotonin regulates sexual behaviors, gonadotropin rel...

In order to investigate drought stress and plant density the yield, yield components and protein of spotted bean grain (cultivar Talash), an experiment was carried out as split plots in randomized complete blocks with three replications in Yasouj, in 2012. Factors of the test including irrigation in three levels; without stress (control treatment), water stress in vegetative stage (interrupting...

BACKGROUND The paper argues that several Sub-Saharan African countries have recorded marked improvements in the use of reproductive health services. However, the literature has hardly highlighted such progress and the factors responsible for them. The current study uses Ghana as a case to examine progress in the consumption of reproductive health services over the last two decades and the facto...

Plant architecture is commonly defined by the adjacency of organs within the structure and their properties. Few studies consider the effect of endogenous temporal factors, namely phenological factors, on the establishment of plant architecture. This study hypothesized that, in addition to the effect of environmental factors, the observed plant architecture results from both endogenous structur...

Male reproductive health refers to a man’s ability to procreate, and to bring a living being into existence. Male reproductive health has social and psychological impact on normal life (Smith et al., 2009). A normal male reproductive health is a compound result of normal functioning of male reproductive system. In the last 50 years, a significant decrease in human fertility has been observed. I...

BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the leading cause of female cancer in Europe and is estimated to affect more than one in 10 women. Higher socioeconomic status has been linked to higher incidence but lower case fatality, while the impact on mortality is ambiguous. METHODS We performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis on studies on association between socioeconomic status and breast...