Chemokines play an important role in pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), mediating migration of leukocytes into the central nervous system. CCL2 (MCP-1) chemokine is expressed in astrocytes in MS lesions. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a two-year treatment with IFN-beta 1a on serum CCL2 level in MS patients. CCL2 concentration in sera of 18 relapsing-remitting MS (RR-MS...

10.2217/14750708.5.5.605 © 2 Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and debilitating disease affecting approximately 2.5 million people worldwide, and safe and effective treatment options are sorely lacking. While there are several currently approved drugs that have shown some efficacy at reducing the relapse rate in patients with the relapsing–remitting form of the disease, the impact of this ou...

Fingolimod (Gilenya®) is the first oral immunomodulating drug approved for relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis. Its novel mechanism of action inhibits the egress of autoreactive B and T cells from lymph nodes, thus preventing them from crossing into the CNS. Two recent large Phase III clinical trials both met their primary end points clearing the way for approval by the US FDA in September 2...

background and purpose: multiple sclerosis (ms) is believed to be an immune-mediated disorder that develops from an interaction of the individual's genetic and as yet unidentified environmental causes. the prevalence of auto-antibodies in multiple sclerosis patients and their clinical associations vary in various studies. the aim of this study was to determine serum auto antibodies in multiple ...

BACKGROUND Recombinant interferons have been shown to suppress both the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of disease activity in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). OBJECTIVES We performed a Cochrane review of all randomised, placebo-controlled trials of recombinant interferons in RRMS. SEARCH STRATEGY Of 208 articles identified by a predefined ...

OBJECTIVE To define the extent of neuronal injury and loss in thalamic gray matter in patients with relapsing-remitting (RR) MS and to characterize how these neuronal pathologic changes are related to disease duration. METHODS The authors studied 14 patients with RRMS (Expanded Disability Status Scale score, mean 3.25, range 2.0 to 6.0) and 14 (8 men, 6 women) age-matched healthy controls. St...

Objective(s): Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered as a chronic type of an inflammatory disease characterized by loss of myelin of CNS.Recent evidence indicates that Interleukin 17 (IL-17)-producing T helper cells (Th17 cells) population are increased and regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are decreased in MS. Despite extensive research in understanding the mechanism of Th17 and Treg differentiat...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate perceptions of quality of life after a 4-month progressive resistance training program for individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). A second purpose was to examine participants' views about factors that facilitated or impeded exercise behavior. Qualitative interviews were conducted with eight females (Mage = 49.86, SD = 6.94) with relapsing remitting M...

Pleural effusions are common and are associated with malignancy in one sixth of cases. Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is typically persistent and progressive, prompting further investigations if the initial tests are not diagnostic. A spontaneously remitting effusion is commonly presumed to be benign, and further investigations may not be performed. We present two cases in which the presentin...