Abiotic stresses including salinity are the major limiting factors of growth and crop production worldwide. Microbial endophytes as the most important soil microorganisms, by modifying plants at genetical, physiological and ecological levels increase their yield per area unit and provide the possibility of crop production in saline and arid soils or climates with biotic and abiotic stresses. Th...

We introduce the notion of General Relative Entropy Inequality for several linear PDEs. This concept extends to equations that are not concervation laws, the notion of relative entropy for conservative parabolic, hyperbolic or integral equations. These are particularly natural in the context of biological applications where birth and death can be described by zeroth order terms. But the concept...

Most genes change expression levels across conditions, but it is unclear which of these changes represents specific regulation and what determines their quantitative degree. Here, we accurately measured activities of ~900 S. cerevisiae and ~1800 E. coli promoters using fluorescent reporters. We show that in both organisms 60-90% of promoters change their expression between conditions by a const...

We cross-correlate the SDSS DR3 quasar sample with FIRST and the Vestergaard et al. black hole (BH) mass sample to compare the mean accretion histories of optical and radio quasars. We find significant statistical evidence that radio quasars have a higher mean Eddington ratio λ at z > 2 with respect to optical quasars, while the situation is clearly reverse at z < 1. At z > 2 radio quasars happ...

Among them, Y is the n q  random observation matrix; e is the n q  random error matrix, , nm kq X Z is the design matrix that we are known, and   r X m  ,   r Z k  , B is the p k  regression parameter matrix that we are unknown, V and  are positive definite matrices with the size q q  and n n  -order respectively.  expresses product of matrix Kronecker. e expresses a column vector...

Philip Lowe’s paper raises several interesting and overlapping issues which merit discussion. The experiences described for productivity in Australia have both similarities and dissimilarities with the experience of other countries. If we look at the restructuring phases in recent years in both the United Kingdom and New Zealand, for example, they are characterised by substantial increases in l...

We examine how the estimation error grows with time when a mobile robot estimates its location from relative pose measurements without global position or orientation sensors. We show that in both 2-D or 3-D space, both the bias and variance of the position estimation error grows at most linearly with time (or distance traversed) asymptotically. The bias is crucially dependent on the trajectory ...