A bout 45 years ago a few economists offered the novel idea of trading pollution rights as a way of meeting environmental goals. Such trading was touted as a more cost-effective alternative to traditional forms of regulation, such as specifi c technology requirements or performance standards. The principal form of trading in pollution rights is a cap-and-trade system, a system whose essential e...

One of the greatest delusions…is the hope that the evils in this world are to be cured by legislation. The greatest dangers to liberty lurk in insidious encroachment by men of zeal, well-meaning but without understanding. P hysicians and scientists are privileged members of contemporary society. They are trusted authorities who are obligated to provide expertise without the influence of self-in...

When does procedural unfairness result in retaliation, and why do recipients of unfair treatment sometimes pursue and other times inhibit retaliation? Five studies addressed these questions. The authors proposed and found that regulatory focus moderates retaliation against an unfairness-enacting authority: Promotion-focus participants were more likely to retaliate than prevention-focus particip...

Ross Levine* July 2010 Abstract: There was a systemic failure of financial regulation: Senior policymakers repeatedly enacted and implemented policies that destabilized the global financial system. They maintained these policies even as they learned of the consequences of their policies during the decade before the crisis. The crisis does not primarily reflect an absence of regulatory power, u...

In pursuing the dynamics of the marketplace of biotechnology in animal health and the impact that regulatory issues might have today, I would like to tell you how the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is responding to some of the regulatory challenges that the "new biotechnology" has posed. I will briefly review our policy on and authority for regulating veterinary biological produ...

Technological change is accelerating and with it regulatory upheaval. Most of us agree that providing universal telecommunication services to all our citizens is a worthy ideal. Nonetheless, many of us do not agree that regulation should be the means to make broadband Internet services widely available. This Viewpoint begins sorting out pieces of the emerging United States, regulatory and polic...

The current regulatory environment is changing with regard to security settlement systems and central counterparty services. Various initiatives are addressing these changes, e.g. CESR/ESCB, Giovannini, CPSS/IOSCO, ISD, G30 and the European Commission’s Communication on Clearing and Settlement. In this paper, we do not want to resolve or comment on any of these issues, but believe it is of the ...

Copyright and Moral Rights for the articles on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. For more information on Open Research Online's data policy on reuse of materials please consult the policies page. This paper documents the vulnerability of the UK workplace safety regime to 'regulatory degradation'. Following a brief overview of this regime, the paper ...