We explain how the structure of multi-national or multi-regional environmental agreements affect their chance of success. Trade in emissions permits has ambiguous and in some cases surprising effects on both the equilibrium level of abatement, and on the ability to persuade nations or regions to participate in environmental agreements. An escape clause policy and a safety valve policy have esse...

Over the last three decades, membership in regional trade arrangements has become one of the most important tools of trade diplomacy. Regional agreements bring a lot of benefits for the member countries through reducing barriers and restrictions. Considering the signing of the Interim PTA Agreement between Iran and Eurasia and its effects, this study aimed to investigate the economic effects of...

In the past, regional trade arrangements (RTAs) among developing countries have not lived up to the hopes of proponents as vehicles for promoting efficient industrialization. Newer approaches, notably including low tariffs for countries outside the RTA, have more promise. RTAs with developed countries also are more likely to produce favorable results. Therefore, USAID should approach supporting...

While the debate on whether countries should or should not sign trade agreements with selected partners continues, governments have significantly stepped up the rate at which they enter into such agreements. A number of such agreements have been signed lately and many more are under negotiation. Multinational firms get impacted by these agreements irrespective of whether these are beneficial to...

This paper adds to research on the international drivers of corruption and anti-corruption by focusing influence regional trade agreements (RTAs). Using cross-national data employing a social network analysis, we provide descriptions evolution deep integration RTAs' in transparency with comprehensive view which utilise network's Closeness, Harmonic, Betweenness, Eigenvector, PageRank centraliti...

This paper analyzes the relative significance of regional Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) in Asia-Pacific. The economy-wide impacts of tariff removals and reductions in non-tariff measures (NTMs) are estimated by using a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model of global trade. The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) are shown to c...