The conservation of insect pollinators is drawing attention because of reported declines in bee species and the 'ecosystem services' they provide. This issue has been brought to a head by recent devastating losses of honey bees throughout North America (so called, 'Colony Collapse Disorder'); yet, we still have little understanding of the cause(s) of bee declines. Wild bumble bees (Bombus spp.)...

BACKGROUND Measurement of cardiac norepinephrine spillover may indicate the amount of transmitter at neuroeffector sites but does not distinguish neuronal release or reuptake in determining this amount or provide information about other aspects of sympathetic function. This report examines how cardiac spillover of the norepinephrine metabolite dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG) provides additional di...

The present study tries to examine the strategic role of East Java’s economic performance toward national level in spatial-based development. In spatial views, economics Java statistically significant improve growth neighboring area or provinces, and also support itself. methodology uses for consists two methods, that are Inter-Regional Input-Output (IRIO) Spatial Econometrics. First, IRIO anal...

Spillovers have attracted wide attention in the areas of research in economics during the past decades. The reason for the interest in the topic lies in their important role in endogenous growth theory and the explanation of productivity growth. This paper investigates the spatial spillover of different types of public infrastructure on economic growth across EU-28 NUTS-II regions during 1995-2...

Financial markets are one of the most fundamental markets in any country. In the financial markets, the securities market and the foreign exchange market are sensitive sectors. These two markets are affected by fluctuations and economic cycles so reflect economic changes rapidly. Changes in the returns of one market due to arbitrage conditions during time lead to changes in the returns of other...

This paper focuses on the role of city interaction in influencing local economic growth using county-level data in China. According to literature on urban and regional economics, the impacts of a high-tier city on its surrounding areas depend on the interaction of growth spillover effect and agglomeration shadow effect. The empirical evidence in this paper illustrates that higher-tier cities ha...

As an important subject of the regional innovation system, scientific research activities universities are not only power source talent cultivation and knowledge but also force to promote development. This paper examines influence relationship between spillover from in Sichuan province Chongqing city capacity aspects teaching personnel input, development input monographs, academic papers, techn...

Spillover of lipoprotein lipase-generated fatty acids from chylomicrons into the plasma free fatty acid (FFA) pool is an important source of FFA and reflects inefficiency in dietary fat storage. We measured spillover in 13 people with type 2 diabetes using infusions of a [(3)H]triolein-labeled lipid emulsion and [U-(13)C]oleate during continuous feeding, before and after weight loss. Body fat w...

Understanding the transmission and dynamics of infectious diseases in natural communities requires understanding the extent to which the ecology, evolution and epidemiology of those diseases are shaped by alternative hosts. We performed laboratory experiments to test how parasite spillover affected traits associated with transmission in two co-occurring parasites: the bacterium Pasteuria ramosa...