This chapter reviews the recent research on motivation, beliefs, values, and goals, focusing on developmental and educational psychology. The authors divide the chapter into four major sections: theories focused on expectancies for success (self-efficacy theory and control theory), theories focused on task value (theories focused on intrinsic motivation, self-determination, flow, interest, and ...

the main purpose of this research is the presentation of some prerequisites of educational theorizing with regard to ontologic components of complexity paradigm. for this purpose, by using the philosophical methods, after making mention of how ontologic components of simplicity paradigm (naive realism, linear causation, determinism) influence contemporary educational theories, ontologic compone...

Medical education practice is more often the result of tradition, ritual, culture, and history than of any easily expressed theoretical or conceptual framework. The authors explain the importance and nature of the role of theory in the design and conduct of graduate medical education. They outline three groups of theories relevant to graduate medical education: bioscience theories, learning the...

Nearly half a century or so of unsuccessful attempts to achieve structural equity in educational outcomes exposes the ultimate ineffectiveness of conventional educational practices. This is of great concern because in the era of ‘fast capitalism’ and the globally competitiveness of the ‘New Work Order’, educational achievement by working class and ‘minority’ group students, and therefore our co...

A number of new communications technologies have emerged in recent years that have been largely regarded and intended for personal and recreational use. However, these “conversational technologies” and “constructivist learning tools,” coupled with the power and reach of the Internet, have made them viable choices for both educational learning and knowledge-oriented applications. The technologie...

The rich contributions made in the field of human computer interaction (HCI) have played a pivotal role in shifting the attention of the industry to the interaction between users and computers (Myers, 1998). However, technologies that include hypertext, multimedia, and manipulation of graphical objects were designed and presented to the users without referring to critical findings made in the f...

When health education researchers began to investigate how individuals make decisions related to health and the factors that influence health behaviors, they referred to frameworks shared by educational and learning research. Health education adopted the basic principles of the cognitive revolution, which were instrumental in advancing the field. There is currently a new challenge to confront: ...