abstract this study examines the relationship between reading anxiety and difficulty of texts as well as the relationship between reading anxiety and students perceived difficulty of the texts. since difficulty is a relative concept, i limited its definition by sticking to the readability formula. we also took students perceived difficulty levels into account. therefore, in the present study, ...

this study was an attempt to investigate and compare the effect of lexical inferencing and concept mapping on developing vocabulary retention of iranian language learners. sixty homogeneous students from different intact classes who were being taught as intermediate learners in sokhan english institute participated in this study. they were in different classes. a teacher made test as a pre-test...

as some definitions show, idioms are expressions whose meanings cannot be obtained from individual words. in every society, people use their own conceptions and feelings through different idioms and expressions. so every culture and society has their own idioms. some scholars proposed methods for translating idioms but baker’s strategies are very important and constructive. this research tried ...

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of couples therapy based on the ecological model in reducing marital conflicts and desire to divorce in couples. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study with control and treatment groups. The statistical population of this study consisted of all of the couples referred to State Welfare Organization in city of Markazi (I...

the present research was conducted to accomplish two purposes. firstly, it aimed to explore and describe schematic structure or what halliday and hassan (1989, p.64) have called “generic structure potential” (gsp) of american english, iranian persian and iranian english newspaper editorials within systemic functional linguistics. secondly, a quantitative cross-comparison was made to investigate...

Introduction: Compensation of each organization's staff is an essential tool of human resources management. By proper management of this tool, not only the goals and missions of the organization are realized with the desired performance, but also the actual benefits of employees and organizations. Objective: The objective of this research is to identify and explain the individual and managerial...

one of the most important goals for increasing recognition and treatment revenue is transmitting vital data to medical care team, more quickly. nowadays, use of new technologies for transmitting data will deploy more and more daily. in this article, for transmitting electrocardiogram, first we code the signal into a suite of codes, then we will use bluetooth technology to transmit data from off...

 Being a basic principal and value in an individual’s personal and social life, peace is a pure, intimate feeling experienced by everyone. It is also a requirement for the continuity of an individual, a generation or a nation’s life. In other words, man’s survival as a whole depends on peace. Therefore, education attempts to detect the causes of war and conflict and provide the solutions to the...