A new application for glycerol that expands its possibilities apart from green solvent and precursor of value-added products has been demonstrated. Simple, easily available, and environmentally friendly dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes are highly efficient catalysts for the chemoselective sulfoxide deoxygenation with this biomass-derived chemical feedstock. Both refined glycerol and crude glycerin 10

We report for the first time that nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) is an effective reductant for the preparation of stable dispersions of uniform gold nanoparticles. The method described is capable of generating stable sols with a metal concentration as high as 1.5×10(-3)moldm(-3). The size of gold nanoparticles can be tuned from 10 to 160 nm by adjusting the stoichiometric excess of NTA. For a cons...

This paper is aimed at acquaintance-based methodology for reducing communication traffic in multiagent systems. We present a tri-base acquaintance model as a computational model of agents’ mutual awareness focused at reduction of the communication traffic in the system’s critical time. The model contains three separate knowledge structures for representing agents' permanent, semi-permanent and ...

Dithiothreitol (DTT) is the standard reagent for reducing disulfide bonds between and within biological molecules. At neutral pH, however, >99% of DTT thiol groups are protonated and thus unreactive. Herein, we report on (2S)-2-amino-1,4-dimercaptobutane (dithiobutylamine or DTBA), a dithiol that can be synthesized from l-aspartic acid in a few high-yielding steps that are amenable to a large-s...

For fifty years, dithiothreitol (DTT) has been the preferred reagent for the reduction of disulfide bonds in proteins and other biomolecules. Herein we report on the synthesis and characterization of 2,3-bis(mercaptomethyl)pyrazine (BMMP), a readily accessible disulfide-reducing agent with reactivity under biological conditions that is markedly superior to DTT and other known reagents.

Aluminumoxyhydride (HAlO) has been obtained by the reaction of aluminum hydride with the siloxane (Me2HSi)2O or the stannoxane (Bu3Sn)2O as an amorphous colorless insoluble powder. The highest-purity product resulted from the reaction of H3Al.NMe3 with (Me2HSi)2O. However, HAlO suspensions in tetrahydrofuran (THF) of sufficient quality for synthetic applications can be prepared from commerciall...

Depletion of high-abundance proteins is regarded as a critical sample preparation step for most plasma proteomic analyses and profiling strategies. This report describes a process that rapidly and reproducibly precipitates high-abundance disulfide-rich proteins, including albumin and transferrin, from serum and plasma. A low volume of concentrated reducing agent, viz. dithiothreitol (DTT) or tr...

In a recent study on the reducing requirement for the methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msr) (Sagher, D., Brunell, D., Hejtmancik, J. F., Kantorow, M., Brot, N. & Weissbach, H. (2006) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 103, 8656-8661), we have shown that thioredoxin, although an excellent reducing system for Escherichia coli MsrA and MsrB and bovine MsrA, is not an efficient reducing agent for eith...