OBJECTIVE To investigate the contribution of promoter methylation-mediated epigenetic events in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis tumorigenesis. DESIGN Archival tissue DNA, extracted from microdissected papilloma lesions, was interrogated for methylation status by means of the novel, multigene methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification assay. SUBJECTS Fifteen s...

Chronic inflammation closely associates with obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis. Evidence indicates that the immunomodulator pentraxin 3 (PTX3) may serve as a biomarker of these cardiometabolic disorders, but whether PTX3 predicts cardiovascular complications is unknown. We examined the association of plasma PTX3 levels with recurrent coronary events via a prosp...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We wanted to investigate whether common prothrombotic mutations are more prevalent in patients with atrial fibrillation who have had a stroke than in healthy controls. We also wanted to assess whether early recurrent ischemic cerebrovascular events were more frequent among carriers of the factor V Leiden or the prothrombin gene mutations than among others. METHODS We us...

The case-crossover design is useful for studying the effects of transient exposures on short-term risk of diseases or injuries when only data on cases are available. The crossover nature of this design allows each subject to serve as his/her own control. While the original design was proposed for univariate event data, in many applications recurrent events are encountered (e.g. elderly falls, g...

BACKGROUND Levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) increase with acute ischemia. However, whether elevations of TNF-alpha in the stable phase after myocardial ischemia (MI) are associated with increased risk of recurrent coronary events is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS A nested case-control design was used to compare TNF-alpha levels obtained an average of 8.9 months after initial MI...

With the rapid rate of adoption by farmers worldwide of crop varieties containing multiple value-added traits, mainly genetically modified traits, as many as 15 to 20 transgenic events may be offered in new maize hybrids by 2030 (Que et al. 2010; Fraley 2012). Multiple Trait Integration (MTI) is designed to integrate the specific transgenic events conferring the value-added trait phenotypes int...

BACKGROUND The Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS) was the first randomized clinical trial of combined hormone therapy and secondary prevention of coronary events. The trial had overall null results but reported an unexpected increased risk for recurrent events in the initial year, followed by a decrease during the final years. OBJECTIVE To provide additional data on a time ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The risk of a recurrent stroke after transient ischemic attack (TIA) or minor stroke is high. Clinical trials are needed to assess acute treatment options in these patients. We sought to evaluate the type of recurrent events and to identify which subsets of patients are at risk for recurrent events. METHODS One hundred and eighty patients with TIA or minor stroke were e...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Smoking may exacerbate the risk of death or further vascular events in those with stroke, but data are limited. METHODS 1589 cases of first-ever and recurrent stroke were recruited between 1996 and 1999 from a defined geographical region in North East Melbourne. Both hospital and nonhospital cases were included. Over a 10-year period, all deaths, recurrent stroke events...

the postgastrectomy recurrence rate is as high as 30-65%, with 5-year overall survival rates of <20%. local recurrence is very common which occurs in 38-45% of cases. the most common sites of locoregional recurrence are the gastric remnant at the anastomosis, the gastric bed, and the regional nodes. the recurrence may occur as early and late events after gastrectomy. most recurrences are early,...