objective(s) lipocalin 2 (lcn2) is a 25-kda glycoprotein that has initially been extracted from neutrophil granules. expression of lcn2 is induced under various pathophysiological conditions. it is also known as an early marker of kidney and heart injury. high-level expression of recombinant lcn2 neutrophil gelatinase-associated(ngal) in insect cells was the aim of this study. materials and met...

cholera toxin b subunit (ctb) has been extensively studied as an immunogen, adjuvant, and inducer of oral tolerance in many investigations. production of ctb has been carried out in the bacterial, plant, insect and yeast expression systems. in this study the expression of the ctb containing a 6xhis-tagged was performed by escherichia coli (e.coli) m15. the yield of purified pentameric recombina...

background and objectives: clostridium perfringens, a gram-positive obligate anaerobic bacterium, is able to form resistant spores which are widely distributed in the environment. c. perfringens is subdivided into five types a to e based on its four major alpha, beta, epsilon and iota toxins. the aim of the present study was cloning and expression of c. perfringens type d vaccine strain epsilon...

A sweet water-soluble protein that reminds stable over wide ranges of temperature and pH, Brazzein has various applications. Its tastes like cane sugar but have no calories. However, the extraction of brazzein from its natural source is expensive and not applicable. In this study we used recombinant DNA technology to provide an alternative option for cheaper mass production of brazzein. A brazz...

Background: Mammalian Cell lines are the main expression system for the production of recombinant therapeutic proteins. Optimization of cell culture condition is performed via alteration in different parameter. Cell culture media plays an important role in cell cycle because of compounds such as amino acids, vitamins, inorganic salts, glucose, and serum as a source of growth factors, trace elem...

Bovine Viral Diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an important viral pathogen of cattle causing several clinical syndromes. There are usually no pathognomonic clinical signs of BVDV infection. Diagnostic investigations therefore rely on serological detection and virus isolation. Nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) as immunogenic protein of BVDV is genetically and antigenically conserved among different isolates....

Background: Interferons are some kind of natural cytokines which express in response to a variety of antigens including viral RNA, bacterial products, and tumor proteins. Interferon beta is used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Moreover, this drug inhibits cellular proliferation as well as angiogenesis and as a result, helps to cure cancer. In this research, i...

newcastle is a significant avian disease continuing to cause considerable loss. developments in genetic engineering have led to plant-based platforms for human and animal vaccine production. recombinant vaccine production in hairy root systems have several advantages over stable expression in whole plants, including high growth rates, ready genetic manipulations, high levels of recombinant prot...

It is possible to use transgenic plants, as bioreactors, for the production of recombinant inexpensive chemicals and drug components. Transient gene expression is an appropriate alternative to stable transformation because it allows an inexpensive and rapid method for expression of recombinant proteins in plant tissues. In recent years, plant viral vectors have been increasingly developed as su...

results escherichia coli phytase was expressed in p. pastoris under different cultivation conditions (post-induction temperature, methanol concentration, and post-induction ph). the optimized conditions by rsm using face centered central composite design were 1% (v/v) methanol, ph = 5.8, and 24.5°c. under the optimized conditions, appa was successfully expressed in p. pastoris and the maximum p...