Homo Reciprocans: Survey Evidence on Prevalence, Behavior and Success Experimental evidence has convincingly shown the existence of reciprocal inclinations, i.e., a tendency for people to respond in-kind to hostile or kind actions. Little is known, however, about: (i) the prevalence of reciprocity in the population, (ii) individual determinants of reciprocity, (iii) the correlation between posi...

Dufwenberg and Kirchsteiger’s (2004) extends Rabin’s (1993) theory of reciprocity in a dynamic sense, introducing a rule of revision for player’s beliefs. The Sequential Reciprocity Equilibrium [SRE] they de…ne can be dynamically inconsistent. In this article it is argued that such dynamic inconsistency is not intrinsically related to issues of reciprocity, but rather to the particular way the ...

Psychologically-based rules are important in human behavior and have the potential of explaining equilibrium selection and separatrix crossings to a payoff dominant equilibrium in coordination games. We show how Rule Learning theory can easily accommodate behavioral rules like aspiration-based experimentation and reciprocity-based cooperation, and how to test for the significance of additional ...

Indirect reciprocity, a key concept in evolutionary game theory, provides a mechanism that allows cooperation to emerge in a population of self-regarding individuals even when repeated interactions between pairs of actors are unlikely. Recent empirical evidence, in particular laboratory experiments, show that humans typically follow complex assessment strategies involving both reciprocity and i...

Given an oriented graph G, the modular flow polynomial φG(k) counts the number of nowhere-zero Zk-flows of G. We give a description of the modular flow polynomial in terms of (open) Ehrhart polynomials of lattice polytopes. Using Ehrhart–Macdonald reciprocity we give a combinatorial interpretation for the values of φG at negative arguments which answers a question of Beck and Zaslavsky (Adv Mat...

This article analyzes the support relationships of 10 asylum-seeking young people who fled to Germany between 2010 and 2015. It highlights their wish for reciprocity as a need in country destination expands upon Sahlin’s typology reciprocal (generalized, balanced, negative reciprocity) by type “refused reciprocity.” “Refused reciprocity” occurs when are keen reciprocate they have received, but ...

A substantive amount of lab experimental evidence suggests that the norm of reciprocity has important economic consequences. However, it is unclear whether the norm of reciprocity survives in a natural and competitive environment with experienced agents. For this purpose we analyze data from a natural field experiment conducted with sales representatives who were instructed to randomly distribu...

We will formulate and prove a certain reciprocity law relating certain residues of the differential symbol dlog2 from the K2 of a Mumford curve to the rigid analytic regulator constructed by the author in a previous paper. We will use this result to deduce some consequences on the kernel and image of the rigid analytic regulator analogous to some old conjectures of Beilinson and Bloch on the co...

Theories of commitment, altruism and reciprocity have all been invoked to explain and describe behavior in public goods and social dilemma situations. Commitment theories have been used to explain behaviors like water conservation and voting. Theories of altruism are applied to explain contributions to charities and intergenerational transfers and bequests. Theories of reciprocity have been inv...