Despite prolonged treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), infectious HIV-1 continues to replicate and to reside latently in resting memory CD4(+) T lymphocytes, creating a major obstacle to HIV-1 eradication. It is therefore not surprising to observe a prompt viral rebound after discontinuation of HAART. The nature of the rebounding virus, however, remains undefined. We now...

Rebound headache occurs when patients are overusing medication to treat individual headache attacks; this overuse of medication causes an increase in headache frequency. A cardinal sign of rebound headache is progression from episodic to daily or near-daily headache. This continuum is important to recognize, for neurologists and primary care physicians, because it is preventable, treatable, and...

BACKGROUND To compare the intraocular pressure readings obtained with the iCare rebound tonometer and the 7CR non-contact tonometer with those measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry in treated glaucoma patients. DESIGN A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in a private tertiary glaucoma clinic. PARTICIPANTS OR SAMPLES One hundred nine (54 males : 55 females) patients includ...

Addiction is a hindrance in the long term treatment of complex regional pain syndrome(CRPS) because addiction in itself aggravates CRPS, causes stress in the sympathetic nervous system resulting in more severe sympathetic dysfunction, and results in perpetual presence of rebound (withdrawal) pain. Descriptors. addiction, competition, destruction, complex regional pain syndrome(CRPS), rebound ph...

Cryogen spray cooling (CSC) is used to pre-cool the epidermis during laser dermatological procedures such as treatment of port wine stain (PWS) birthmarks. It is known that PWS patients with medium to high epidermal melanin concentrations are at a high risk of epidermal thermal damage after laser irradiation. To avoid this complication, it is necessary to maximize CSC efficiency and, thus, esse...

BACKGROUND Plasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA suppression <50 copies/mL is regarded as the optimal outcome of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Current viral load (VL) assays show increased sensitivity, but the significance of RNA detection <50 copies/mL is unclear. METHODS This study investigated the virologic outcomes of 1247 patients with VL <50 copies/mL at...

From 105 808 neonates born at ≥35 weeks’ gestation at 1 of 17 Kaiser Permanente Northern California hospitals between 2012 and 2014, Chang et al 9 identified a cohort of 7048 newborns treated with phototherapy. The objective of the study was to identify predictors of “rebound, ” defined as a return to treatment threshold levels within 72 hours of discontinuation of a neonate’s first round of ph...