avian infectious bronchitis (ib) is a major cause of economic losses in poultry industry. the ib virus primarily affects respiratory tract, but various strains differ in their tropism for other target organs such as kidney and alimentary tract. the objective of this study was to estimate the pathogenicity of iranian ibv variant (ir-1), which is limited exclusively to iran. specific pathogen fre...

avian infectious bronchitis (ib), caused by a gammacoronavirus, is an oie-listed (list b) disease and characterized by respiratory and renal involvements, causing high mortality, and economic loss in both layers and broilers. in comparison with other diagnostic methods, real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and conventional rt-pcr are potent, more sensitive and faster techniques for infe...

global cerebral ischemia (gci) and reperfusion induced apoptosis that lead to cell injury and death. the bax and bcl-2 are pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes, respectively. these genes belong to the b-cell lymphoma-2 (bcl-2) family.in this study; we assessed the effect of pentoxifylline drug on bax/bcl2 gene dosage expression changes following   ischemic reperfusion injury in kidney. in thi...

ischemia reperfusion injury is the tissue damage caused when blood supply returns to the tissue after a period of ischemia or lack of oxygen. ischemia reperfusion induces cell death and endemic reaction that is one of the most important clinical problems with acute renal failure and renal transplantation. in this study, the effect of pentoxifylline on rat kidney function and cell injury followi...

background and objective: diarrheal disease is still a major health problem, especially in developing countries, where it is considered as one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality especially in children. studies showed that diarrheagenic e. coli (dec) such as stes and epec strains are among the most prevalent causative agents in acute diarrhea, particularly in children. aim of the p...

background and objectives: pneumonia with acinetobacter baumannii has a major therapeutic problem in health care settings. decision to initiate correct antibiotic therapy requires rapid identification and quantification of organism. the aim of this study was to develop a rapid and sensitive method for direct detection of a. baumannii from respiratory specimens. materials and methods : a taqman ...

background and objectives : streptococcus pneumoniae is the main causative agent of acute bacterial meningitis in the world. this study aimed to detect pneumoniae infection in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples of patients with suspected meningitis. materials and methods : in this study, 200 csf samples in patients with suspected meningitis and with negative bacterial cultures were tested. demog...