OBJECTIVE To review the current literature around the potential impact, effectiveness and perceptions of plain packaging in low income settings. METHOD A systematic review of the literature. DATA SOURCES 9 databases (PubMed, Global Health, Social Policy and Practice, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ASSIA), CINAHL, PsycINFO, British Library for Development Studies (BLDS), Global...

Recent studies on perceptual learning have indicated that listeners use intermediate units between the acoustic input and lexical representations of words. The same paradigm may also reveal the nature of these intermediate units based on patterns of generalization of learning. We here test whether learning generalizes to other units of the same underlying or surface representation. This was ach...

In this paper, a simple and robust color image encryption algorithm based on highdimensional chaotic maps is proposed. The algorithm employs a 3D Arnold transform to perform inter-component shuffling of plain-image, while a 2D hyper-chaotic map is used to confuse the relationship between the encrypted image and plain-image. The control parameters of Arnold transform are extracted from pending p...

This project involves an implementation of the Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA)[1] encryption algorithm in C. It consists of generation of two random prime numbers and a number coprime to φ(n) also called euler toitent function. These three are used to generate a public key and private key. The user has to enter a message which is encrypted by the public key. The algorithm also decrypts the generate...

This paper studies the security of a recently-proposed image encryption scheme based on chaos, and points out the following problems: 1) there exist a number of invalid keys and weak keys, and some keys are partially equivalent for the encryption/decryption processes; 2) given one chosen plain-image, a sub-key K10 can be guessed with a smaller computational complexity than that of the simple br...

the berriasian-valanginian fahliyan formation forms one of the giant reservoirs in the subsurface of the abadan plain, onshore iran. a detailed petrographical analysis of the available cores and thin sections revealed that the different diagenetic parameters influenced the reservoir quality of the fahliyan formation in this field. the fahliyan formation has been influenced by three diagenetic e...

the aim of this research was the geochemical assessment of the groundwater quality and the evaluation of the distribution pattern of fluoride concentration in water resources of the region and their connection with the prevalence of dental fluorosis occurrence in the study area. to achieve to this goal six sediment and 22 water samples were taken and analyzed. fluoride and phosphorous concentra...

This paper studies the security of a recently-proposed chaos-based image encryption scheme, and points out the following problems: 1) there exist a number of invalid keys and weak keys, and some keys are partially equivalent for encryption/decryption; 2) given one chosen plain-image, a subkey K10 can be guessed with a smaller computational complexity than that of the simple brute-force attack; ...

The addition of adrenaline 5 mug/ml, 1 : 200 000 to 1% etidocaine hydrochloride administered extradurally (L2-3) shortened significantly the onset time for sensory blockade, particularly with respect to the spread of the analgesia from the injection site, and shortened the already rapid onset of motor block. Etidocaine hydrochloride 1% plain caused a slower onset of block, laster longer and pro...

The study was conducted to evaluate the differences in results obtained for assays of ionized calcium (iCa) by plain and heparinised blood sample and observe for any errors in values done by ion selective electrode (ISE) method and to determine which of the collection methods could be ideal and reliable. 49 samples of heparinised and 31 plain blood samples were analyzed at lab services, Apollo ...