Abstract The genesis of the Bayan Obo giant rare earth element (REE) deposit has been debated for several decades. Here, we report isotopic effects dynamic recrystallization in H8 carbonatite, which is principal ore carrier deposit. We studied fresh drill core to a depth 1.78 km and documented elemental C-O-Sr isotope evolution rock-forming dolomite during its deformation reaction with fluids. ...

We present first all-fiber unidirectional ring thulium-doped laser, based on isolator-free theta cavity configuration and fiber Bragg mirror as filtering element. Laser provides 1W output power with 30% slope efficiency, and linewidth of about 0.2nm. OCIS codes: (060.3510) Lasers, fiber; (060.2390) Fiber optics, infrared; (160.5690) Rare-earth-doped materials

A new group of ternary borides has been found that show either ferromagnetism or superconductivity. Their general formula is MRh(4)B(4) where M is a transition or rare-earth element. Their superconducting transition temperatures range from approximately 2.5 K for the Sm compound to approximately 12 K for the Lu compound.

Definitions and characteristics The rare earth elements (REE) (sometimes referred to as the rare earth metals) are a group of 17 chemically similar metallic elements, including the 15 lanthanides, scandium and yttrium. The lanthanides are elements spanning atomic numbers 57 (lanthanum, La) to 71 (lutetium, Lu) (Table 1). The lanthanides all occur in nature, although promethium, the rarest, only...