R2 non-long terminal repeat retrotransposable elements insert specifically into the 28S rRNA genes of a wide range of animals. These elements maintain long-term stable relationships with the host genome. By scoring the variation present at the 5' ends of individual R2 copies, lines of Drosophila simulans have been identified with high rates of R2 retrotransposition. Comparing the R2 elements pr...

An expression plasmid encoding the human 75-kDa tumor necrosis factor (TNF) type 2 receptor (TNF-R2) was constructed and used to generate a stable human cell line (293/TNF-R2) overexpressing TNF-R2. Ligand binding analysis revealed high affinity binding (Kd = 0.2 nM) with approximately 94,000 +/- 7,500 sites/cell for 125I-TNF-alpha and approximately 5-fold lower affinity for TNF-beta (Kd = 1.1 ...

PURPOSE The cell surface receptors tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 1 (TRAIL-R1) and TRAIL-R2 transmit apoptotic signals, and agents that activate these receptors are in clinical development. We sought to determine the expression and prognostic value of TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2 in early-stage breast cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Tissue microarrays containing specime...

The tuning parameter selection strategy for penalized estimation is crucial to identify a model that both interpretable and predictive. However, popular strategies (e.g., minimizing average squared prediction error via cross-validation) tend select models with more predictors than necessary. A simple yet powerful cross validation proposed which based on maximizing the correlation between observ...

A bstract We propose a new construction of the supergravity inflation as an UV completion Higgs- R 2 inflation. In dual description -supergravity, we show that there appear chiral superfields containing scalaron or sigma field in Starobinsky inflation, which unitarizes supersymmetric Higgs with large non-minimal coupling up to Planck scale. find successful slow-roll is achievable Higgs-sigma sp...

For simplicity, we adopt the following convention: x, x0, y, y0, r are real numbers, z, z0 are elements of R2, f , f1, f2 are partial functions from R2 to R, R is a rest, and L is a linear function. Let us note that every rest is total. Let f be a partial function from R2 to R and let z be an element of R2. The functor pdiff1(f, z) yielding a function from R2 into R is defined as follows: (Def....

In this paper, we study Raychaudhuri's equation in the background of R + βR 2 gravity with a phenomenological matter (ρ ∝ a(t) −n). We conclude that even though the Strong Energy Condition (S.E.C.) for Einstein's gravity, which guarantees singularity, is n ≥ 2 for ρ ∝ a(t) −n , a perturbative analysis of Raychaudhuri's equation in the background of R+βR 2 gravity reveals that the big bang singu...