For adolescents, as well as younger children, the family represents a vitally important setting for physical, emotional and social development. It is the context in which social behaviour and attitudes are formed. The influence of the family continues throughout adolescence and indeed through the life course in varying degrees (Pedersen et al, 2004a). Patterns of adolescent health have been sho...

positive effects of tourism due to social, cultural and economic interest in becoming the first industry in the world, so that many countries and areas are by creating suitable infrastructure exploitation of the benefits sought the industry. for most of these countries an important source of tourism business, income, job creation and foreign exchange is considered. for this reason, to achieve t...

We consider a connected, locally compact topological space X. We suppose that a pseudo-distance d is defined on X that is, d : X × X 7−→ R+ such that d (x, y) > 0 if and only if x 6= y; d (x, y) = d (y, x) ; d (x, z) ≤ γ [d (x, y) + d (y, z)] for all x, y, z ∈ X, where γ ≥ 1 is some given constant and we suppose that the pseudo-balls B (x, r) = {y ∈ X : d (x, y) < r} , r > 0, form a basis of op...

Overview A random graph is a collection of vertices and edges connecting pairs of them at random based on edge probabilities (Newman et al. 2001; Hatano and Mesbahi 2005). The theory of random graphs was introduced by Erdős and Rényi (1960) to give a probabilistic construction of a graph with large girth and large chromatic number after discovering that, in graph theory, probabilistic methods a...

The study of social phenomena is becoming increasingly reliant on big data from online social networks. Broad access to social media data, however, requires software development skills that not all researchers possess. Here we present the IUNI Observatory on Social Media, an open analytics platform designed to facilitate computational social science. The system leverages a historical, ongoing c...

Under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if current age-specific mortality rates be continued. Under-5 mortality, a Millennium Development Goal indicator, is a leading indicator of child health and overall development. This indicator measures child survival. It also, reflects the social, economic and environmental conditions i...