The resistance of cattle with varying serum-antitoxin titres was determined by per os challenge. The results proved that a solid immunity can be produced against C. botulinum toxins C1 and D. The immune response of cattle to various quantities of C. botulinum C1 and D toxoids, aluminium-phosphate-adsorbed and in water-in-oil emulsion was investigated. The response to antigen in water-in-oil emu...

Background: Water in oil (W/O) nanoemulsions can be advantageous for encapsulation of bioactive hydrophilic substance alone or as a structural unit of a double emulsion. Methods: The influence of sonication time, addition of CaCl2 or bovine serum albumin (BSA) to aqueous phase, oil phase (corn or miglyol), and polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) content on droplet size and physical stability of...

A FEBRILE response to intravenous fat emulsion is the most frequent untoward side effect following short-term infusions. Though this side effect is probably not now common or severe enough to limit the clinical usefulness of intravenous fat emulsion, an understanding of its mechanism is important. One hypothesis offered is that the fever is a result of rapid metabolism of the infused fat with t...

Pulmonary diffusing capacity and arterial blood Po(2) decrease in humans when 10% fat emulsion is infused. To study its effects on the pulmonary circulation and lung fluid balance, we infused 0.25 g/kg x h of a 10% fat emulsion (Intralipid, Cutter Laboratories, Inc., Berkeley, Calif.) into an awake sheep lung lymph preparation. The emulsion caused a sustained increase in pulmonary artery pressu...

Emulsions are a central component of many modern formulations in food, pharmaceuticals, agrichemicals and personal care products. The droplets in these formulations are limited to being spherical as a consequence of the interfacial tension between the dispersed phase and continuous phase. The ability to control emulsion droplet morphology and stabilize non-spherical droplets would enable the mo...

BACKGROUND Toxicity of calcium channel blockers leads to high patient mortality and there is no effective antidote. The benefit of using 20% lipid emulsion and sugammadex has been reported. The present study measured the effect of sugammadex and 20% lipid emulsion on hemodynamics and survival in a rat model of verapamil toxicity. MATERIAL/METHODS In this single-blinded randomized control stud...

The goal of this in vitro study was to examine the effect of a lipid emulsion on toxic-dose bupivacaine-induced vasodilation in a model of tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor sodium orthovanadate-induced contraction in endothelium-denuded rat aortae and to elucidate the associated cellular mechanism. The effect of a lipid emulsion on vasodilation induced by a toxic dose of a local anesthetic during ...

This study investigated the effects of microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) and pH-shift processing on the functional properties of porcine myofibrillar proteins (MP). The pH-shift processing was carried out by decreasing the pH of MP suspension to 3.0, followed by re-adjustment to pH 6.2. The native (CM) and pH-shifted MP (PM) was reacted with and without MTGase, and the gelling and emulsion ch...

Three commercial silicone emulsions with different functional groups i.e., quat-silicone micro-emulsion (<40 nm particle size), amino-silicone macro-emulsion (110 nm), and silicone macro-emulsion with alkylmodified side groups (740 nm) were used to protect wood samples against fungal decay. The addition of the emulsions to an agar growth medium revealed that all three silicone formulations inhi...