We analyze the combined effects of aquifer heterogeneity and pumping operations on seawater intrusion (SWI) in coastal aquifers, a phenomenon which is threatening Mediterranean and worldwide regions. We conceptualize the aquifer as a three-dimensional randomly heterogeneous porous medium, where the spatial distribution of permeability is uncertain. The geological setting of our study is pattern...

Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), the terminal enzyme of the respiratory chain, reduces oxygen to water and uses the released energy to pump protons across a membrane. Here, we use kinetic master equations to explore the energetic and kinetic control of proton pumping in CcO. We construct models consistent with thermodynamic principles, the structure of CcO, experimentally known proton affinities, an...

The estimates of transmissivity (T) and storativity (S) obtained from analysis of observation-well responses to constant-rate pumping tests are affected by the correlation between the specified (measured) flow rate and the subsequent pressure response, with both the magnitude and rate of change of the pressure response being a function of the diffusivity (D) – the ratio of T to S. Traditional w...

We have used a new methodology to measure the activity of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in multidrug-resistant (MDR) tumor cells. This activity leads to a lower cytosolic concentration and a lower cytotoxicity of the classical anthracyclines, daunorubicin (DNR), and doxorubicin (DOX). It has been reported that the anthracycline idarubicin (IDA), which is more lipophilic, has a higher clinical efficacy ...

Pre-clinical animal models are important to study the fundamental biological and functional mechanisms involved in the longitudinal evolution of heart failure (HF). Particularly, large animal models, like nonhuman primates (NHPs), that possess greater physiological, biochemical, and phylogenetic similarity to humans are gaining interest. To assess the translatability of these models into human ...