To investigate the relation between the small artery structure and different blood pressure parameters, spontaneously hypertensive rats were treated from 4 to 24 weeks of age (20 weeks in total) with five different antihypertensive therapies: two angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (perindopril and captopril), a calcium antagonist (isradipine), a beta-blocker (metoprolol), and a vasodilato...

BACKGROUND Hypertension is a dominant characteristic in the prediction of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). We aimed to evaluate the association of blood pressure measurements with CVD mortality among different populations of the world. METHODS A total of 12 763 men, aged 40 to 59 years, from 7 countries (United States, Japan, Italy, Greece, former Yugoslavia, Finland, and the Netherlands) were...

We show, by simple classical arguments, that the explicit time dependence of the ponderomotive potential causes both a shift and a broadening of the photoelectron lines in high-intensity multiphoton experiments. If the laser pulse is short enough, some of the energy from the absorbed photons will be lost by an electron when it separates from the pulse. Since different atoms are ionized at diffe...

Since obstruction to left ventricular (LV) outflow in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is dynamic, whereas that in discrete aortic stenosis is fixed, the shape of the transaortic pressure gradient should be characteristically altered in HOCM and thereby provide a means of differentiating these two disparate types of aortic stenosis. In all 22 HOCM patients, peak arterial pulse alw...

Self-phase modulation in fiber amplifiers can significantly degrade the quality of compressed pulses in chirped pulse amplification systems. Parabolic pulses with linear frequency chirp are suitable for suppressing nonlinearities, and to achieve high peak power pulses after compression. In this paper, we present an active time domain technique to generate parabolic pulses for chirped pulse ampl...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Recent advances in pulse oximetry have made it possible to noninvasively measure total hemoglobin, as well as the two most common dyshemoglobins. This review will trace the development and clinical application of multiwavelength pulse oximetry. RECENT FINDINGS Until now, commercially produced pulse oximeters have utilized two wavelengths of light and could measure only the r...

The most simple type of excitation pulse is known as a ‘hard’ pulse, and is illustrated in Fig. 1a. A hard pulse has constant magnitude and phase. Because MRI systems generate RF pulses using sample-and-hold DAC circuitry, all RF pulses can be accurately modeled as a series of short hard pulses of varying amplitude and phase. Figure 1b shows how magnetization rotates about a hard pulse, in a fr...

The association of target organ damage with 24-hour systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels and ambulatory hypertension subtypes has not yet been examined in untreated Chinese patients. We measured left ventricular mass index by echocardiography (n=619), the urinary albumin:creatinine ratio (n=1047), and aortic pulse wave velocity by tonometry (n=1013) in 1047 untreated subjects (mean age,...

An approximation technique is considered for computing transmission and reflection coefficients for plane waves propagating through stratified slabs. The propagation of elastic pulse through a planar slab is derived from first principles using straightforward time-dependent method. The paper ends with calculations of enhancement factor for the elastic plane wave and it is shown that it depends ...

BACKGROUND Ambulatory 24-h pulse pressure predicts progression of albuminuria in people with diabetes mellitus. It is not known whether the ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) may add to that prediction. METHODS We compared the multivariate-adjusted association of AASI and 24-h pulse pressure with progression of urine albumin excretion during follow-up in a multiethnic cohort of older ...