purpose: to determine the effect of grid pattern laser photocoagulation on diabetic diffuse macular edema with assessment of visual outcome. patients & methods: the author reviewed the medical records of 84 eyes of 62 patients with diabetic diffuse macular edema treated with grid pattern green argon laser photocoagulation in farabi eye hospital between the years 1992-1995, the follow-up period ...

a four-year field experiment was conducted to understand the characters of nutrient accumulation and distribution in maize under different yield levels, so as to provide scientific guidance for effective utilization of mineral fertilizers, and eventually for high yield of spring maize. the grain yield, nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium) accumulation and uptake efficiency were evaluated...

the aim of this paper is to review the created problems and failure of environmental design patterns in designing process by designers. not respectfully addressing the context of environment during designing process have resulted in the loss quality of environment, damage to both nature and essence of environment as manifested in the case study area. methodology of the research was based on the...

internationally recognized golestan forests are among the most endangered features threatened by anthropogenic activities. being located in north-west of iran, south-east of caspian sea, gorganroud watershed is mostly influenced by deforestation activities. in this study the identification of regional atmospheric and hydrologic patterns and their role in conforming floods in gorganroud water ba...

abstract the present study was carried out for developing and evaluating of the optimization model of cropping pattern in irrigation networks using analytical hierarchy process (ahp). the model was programmed into two sub-models. the objective of the first sub-model was ranking of crop appropriately, and the objective of the second sub-model was ranking of cropping area of each crop. ten criter...

abstract information about the spatial patterns of soil biodiversity is limited though required, e.g. for understanding effects of biodiversity on ecosystem processes. this study was conducted to determine whether soil macrofauna biodiversity parameters display spatial patterns in the riparian forest landscape of karkhe. soil macrofauna were sampled using 200 sampling point along parallel trans...

purpose: to analyze the clinical patterns and etiologies of uveitis in isfahan. methods: the records of 2016 patients with uveitis who had been referred to the feiz tertiary eye care center, isfahan, between 1999 and 2013 were classified and analyzed with respect to demographic, clinical, anatomical, and etiological characteristics. results: at the onset of uveitis, the mean patient age was 33....

background: essential hypertension tends to a familial mode. its pattern of inheritance is heterogeneous, but the frequencies of different mode of inheritance vary in different populations. determining of the mode of inheritance in each family is the basic information that is needed for the risk estimation in those family members. determination of pattern of inheritance in families with at leas...

distribution of the genus chondrostoma in iran, which is mostly known from the caspian sea, tigris river, kor river and esfahan basins was mapped. the kura nase, chondrostoma cyri is reported from armenia, georgia and iran and it is found in the streams and rivers draining to the western coast of the caspian sea from the kuma river in the north southward to the kura and aras river basins in the...