Electronic trade procedures or ‘scenarios’ are ready made, generic and reusable transaction models for trade communities such as seaports, banking, logistics, etc. They are made available to parties for downloading from repositories provided by international, regional, or industry organizations. However, current workflow-like representations of trade scenarios do not provide for situation-speci...

The growth of regional trade blocks has been one of the major developments in international relations in recent years. Regional agreements vary widely but, all have the objective of reducing barriers to trade between member countries that in most cases result in increasingly trade flows and economic growth. This paper attempts to explore the results of trade integration in ECO, EU and OIC block...

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) offers an alternative to traditional psychotherapies designed to regulate affect. ACT is based on the premise that normal cognitive processes distort and enhance the experience of unpleasant emotion, leading clients to engage in problematic behaviors designed to avoid or attenuate those unpleasant emotions. Such avoidant behavior patterns can hinder and p...

Replicated distributed object systems are deployed to provide timely and reliable services to actors at distributed locations. This paper treats applications in which data updates are dependent on satisfaction of integrity constraints over multiple objects. We propose a means of achieving higher availability by providing partition-awareness in middleware. The general approach has been illustrat...

introduction: rural areas are affected by globalization and one of the globalization commitments. wto accession creates both benefits and expenditures for countries especially rural societes in new member, but preponderance of created benefits and expenditures depends on country bargaining power in negotiation process and agreement acceptation. as there is not independent and separate agreement...

Google is in trouble. The company faces simultaneous antitrust investigations by the Federal Trade Commission and the Texas Attorney General.1 Its competitors around the world are urging on the regulators, making the case against it in the press and online, and filing lawsuits of their own. Their central allegation—that Google systematically manipulates its search results to promote its own com...

the traditional economic production quantity (epq) model assumes that during the production process no imperfect item is produced. but in the real production system, due to imperfect production process or other factors, imperfect quality items may be produced. furthermore, it is well-known that the total production-inventory costs can be reduced by reworking the imperfect quality items produced...