We, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), will prepare critical habitat designation proposals for lower Columbia River (LCR) coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and Puget Sound steelhead (O. mykiss) currently listed as threatened species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). The areas under consideration include watersheds in the lower Columbia River basin in southwest Washington and n...

The phenolic compounds of 'Green Gage' (GG) plums ( Prunus domestica L.), "Rainha Claudia Verde", from a 'protected designation of origin' (PDO), in Portugal, were quantified in both flesh and skin tissues of plums collected in two different orchards (GG-V and GG-C). Analyzes of phenolic compounds were also performed on another GG European plum obtained in France (GG-F) and two other French plu...

Vanilla is a flavoring recovered from the cured beans of the orchid genus Vanilla. Vanilla ×tahitensis is traditionally cultivated on the islands of French Polynesia, where vanilla vines were first introduced during the nineteenth century and, since the 1960s, have been introduced to other Pacific countries such as Papua New Guinea (PNG), cultivated and sold as "Tahitian vanilla," although both...

Designation as Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) can protect coastal ecosystems, but apparently has not effectively protected the rocky intertidal zone in urban Southern California. Here, illegal collecting and habitat disturbance harm coastal marine life. We surveyed day visitors to sandy beaches or adjacent rocky habitats in Orange County. Using the close-ended, double-bounded contingent valuatio...

The present study investigated Italian consumers’ awareness, perception, knowledge of European Union (EU) quality certifications: Protected Designation Origin (PDO), Geographical Indication (PGI), Traditional Specialty Guaranteed (TSG), and organic as well the consumption agri-food products carrying those certifications. A total 212 consumers responsible for food purchases took part in a web-ba...

Abstract This article focuses on traditional specialities guaranteed (TSGs), the least researched of EU quality schemes that also include better known protected designation origin (PDO) and geographical indication (PGI). Firstly, this contribution presents a historical account evolution label. Secondly, it illustrates results first empirical analysis contents Single Documents for all TSGs regis...

in the islamic legal system, sale contract is regarded as among appropriative (tamlīkī) contracts, without any difference existing between the designation of the object of sale and its being wholesale (kullī). thus, there has been a considerable controversy among the jurists on the time for designation of mabī‘ (object of sale) with the presumption that mabī‘ is wholesale, which would bring abo...