Flavonoid biosynthesis profile was clarified by fruit bagging and re-exposure treatments in the green Chinese pear 'Zaosu' (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.) and its red mutant 'Red Zaosu'. Two distinct biosynthesis patterns of flavonoid 3-glycosides were found in 'Zaosu' pear. By comparison with 'Red Zaosu', the biosynthesis of flavonoid 3-galactosides and flavonoid 3-arabinosides were inhibited by ...

ABSTRACT The addition of 0.1 mM FeCl(3) to a defined culture medium induces the bacterial epiphyte Pseudomonas fluorescens strain A506 (A506) to produce an antibiotic toxic to the fire blight pathogen, Erwinia amylovora. Consequently, because A506 is registered and applied as a commercial product to suppress E. amylovora before floral infection of pear and apple, the relative availability of ir...

This article is divided into three parts. The first part, the most important one, deals with spectroscopic methods. Different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum are useful for fruit quality characterisation, in particular the visible and near-infrared regions. Concerning the visible one, studies have been carried out on apple, apricot, cherry, mango, peach, red table grape and tomato, when...

To examine the biochemical metabolism of aroma volatiles derived from fatty acids, pear fruits were incubated in vitro with metabolic precursors of these compounds. Aroma volatiles, especially esters, were significantly increased, both qualitatively and quantitatively, in pear fruits fed on fatty acid metabolic precursors. Cultivars having different flavor characteristics had distinctly differe...

Crude wild pear lipoxygenase (LOX) from ripe Kurdistan wild pears was used in this study. Extracted crude LOX was assayed spectrophotometrically for raw, ripe wild pear lipoxygenase and after 7-day storage. The effects of different buffers and pHs, substrate preparations, temperature, inhibitors and metal ions on LOX activity were evaluated at three conditions. The enzyme was most active with H...

Studieswere conducted in apple,MalusdomesticaBorkhausen, orchards to evaluate the attractiveness of the kairomone, ethyl (E, Z)-2,4-decadienoate (pear ester), loaded at various rates into gray halobutyl septa, to adult codling moth, Cydia pomonella L. All studies were conducted in orchards treated with sex pheromone mating disruption. Lure loadings from 0.01 g to 50.0 mg were evaluated in 12 or...

Type-B response regulators (B-RRs) are transcription factors that function in the final step of two-component signaling systems. In model plants, B-RRs have been shown to play important roles in cytokinin signal transduction. However, the functions of B-RRs in pear have not been well studied. In this report, we conducted a genome-wide analysis and identified 11 putative genes encoding B-PpRR pr...

'Candidatus Liberibacter spp.' cause serious plant diseases. 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus', 'Ca. L. americanus' and 'Ca. L. africanus' are the aetiological agents of citrus greening (Huanglongbing) in Asia, America and Africa. 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' causes diseases in Solanaceae in America and New Zealand. All four species are vectored by psyllid insects of different gener...

Betacyanin (betanin), total phenolics, vitamin C and antioxidant capacity (by Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays) were investigated in two differently colored cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill.) genotypes, one with purple fruit and the other with orange fruit, from the Salento area, in Apulia (South Italy). In order to qu...