We have systematically studied the self-organization of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), an electrochromic material, upon control of the solvent evaporation rate. We characterized these polymer films using atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements. Well-ordered P3HT structures were developed after solvent annealing; these highly crystalline structures exhibited enhanced electroch...

A technique for the study of evaporation from the precorneal and cornea! surfaces has been developed. Evaporation from the superficial lipid layer (SLL) has been measured to be 10.1 x 10~ Gm.cm.^secr When this lipid layer is removed, evaporation increases around fourfold. Evaporation from the dry epithelial surface occurs at a rate of 1.8 x JO" Gm.cmr^secr After the epithelium is removed, a twe...

Previous theories on coal spontaneous combustion (CSC) prevention and control mostly focused how to improve the CSC-inhibiting effect instead of failure inhibitors. Due influence air leakage in goaf, inhibitors water evaporate continuously, thus making inhibit weakened or even null. complex environment inside it is difficult for personnel enter collect data such as moisture. Therefore, a three-...

How rising temperature and changing solar radiation affect evaporation of natural water bodies remains poor understood. In this study, evaporation from Lake Taihu, a large (area 2400 km) freshwater lake in the Yangtze River Delta, China, was simulated by the CLM4-LISSS offline lake model and estimated with pan evaporation data. Bothmethods were calibrated against lake evaporation measured direc...

One would expect that the evaporation process of liquid droplets was described many years ago. On the contrary, just recently some underlying principles of the dynamic process of evaporation have been published. It seems that during the evaporation of a liquid droplet, the liquid at the edge of the droplet is ”pinned” to the underlying surface. This pinning prevents the droplet from shrinking. ...

We use the time-dependent photoionization and dust destruction code developed by Perna & Lazzati (2002) to study the time evolution of the medium in a dusty gaseous cloud illuminated by a bright central source that sets on at time zero. We study the case of a bright source, which lasts for a time scale much smaller than the recombination and dust creation time scales. For this reason an equilib...

Powder injection molding (PIM) is an important netshape manufacturing process and has received much attention. One of the most critical steps in PIM process is debinding. It consumes a major part of the processing time. Failure of the powder compact often results if the process is accelerated. Thermal debinding is a common methodology for the final removal of residual polymer from a PIM compact...