Healthcare organizations (HCOs) often face ethical dilemmas, but ethical principles analogous to those of clinical ethics have not been established to guide resolution of such dilemmas. To date, most progress in business and organizational ethics has been made in developing processes that promote responsible behavior in complex organizations. In this article we offer a normative framework to gu...

The four principles approach to medical ethics plus specification is used in this paper. Specification is defined as a process of reducing the indeterminateness of general norms to give them increased action guiding capacity, while retaining the moral commitments in the original norm. Since questions of method are central to the symposium, the paper begins with four observations about method in...

BACKGROUND The principles of biomedical ethics - autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, and justice - are of paradigmatic importance for framing ethical problems in medicine and for teaching ethics to medical students and professionals. In order to underline this significance, Tom L. Beauchamp and James F. Childress base the principles in the common morality, i.e. they claim that the principle...

Background: The main purpose of criminal law must be to secure the basic human rights or fundamental rights of individuals. But the matter is the relationship between morality and human rights. For the purpose of the science of morality is to bring humanity to the highest degree of humanity, and the purpose of law is to achieve relative justice and to restore order in society. Equity is also a ...