An elementary proof is given for Hutchinson’s duality theorem, which states that if a lattice identity λ holds in all submodule lattices of modules over a ring R with unit element then so does the dual of λ.

in this paper we characterize the radical of an arbitrary‎ ‎submodule $n$ of a finitely generated free module $f$ over a‎ ‎commutatitve ring $r$ with identity‎. ‎also we study submodules of‎ ‎$f$ which satisfy the radical formula‎. ‎finally we derive‎ ‎necessary and sufficient conditions for $r$ to be a‎ ‎pr$ddot{mbox{u}}$fer domain‎, ‎in terms of the radical of a‎ ‎cyclic submodule in $rbigopl...

We consider the following problem: For a system consisting of two components, the behavior of one component is known as well as the desired global behavior. What should be the behavior of the second component such that the behavior of the composition of the two conforms to the desired behavior ? This problem has been called "submodule construction" or "equation solving”. Solutions to this probl...

This paper extends the theory of the Gröbner fan and Gröbner walk for ideals in polynomial rings to the case of submodules of free modules over a polynomial ring. The Gröbner fan for a submodule creates a correspondence between a pair consisting of a cone in the fan and a point in the support of the cone and a pair consisting of a leading monomial submodule (or equivalently, a reduced marked Gr...

This paper addresses the problem of designing a submodule of a given system of communicating timed I/O automata. The problem may be formulated mathematically by the equation (C||X)rA under the constraint IX=In, where C represents the specification of the known part of the system, called the context, A represents the specification of the whole system, X represents the specification of the submod...

1 Basic Properties Definition 1. Let X be a scheme. We denote the category of sheaves of OX -modules by OXMod or Mod(X). The full subcategories of qausi-coherent and coherent modules are denoted by Qco(X) and Coh(X) respectively. Mod(X) is a grothendieck abelian category, and it follows from (AC,Lemma 39) and (H, II 5.7) that Qco(X) is an abelian subcategory of Mod(X). If X is noetherian, then ...

Abstract In previous research, a concept was presented f –small submodules A submodule L of an R-module W is named if L+X=W and W/X are small-singular, then X=W. this work, we present new concept, namely –hollow modules, -hollow every in -small submodule. This expansion Hollow modules. Some characteristics given to their relationship few the concepts comparability between them examined.

Let R be ring and M a right R-module. This article introduces the concept of τ −⊕-supplemented modules as follows: Given a hereditary torsion theory in Mod-R with associated torsion functor τ we say that a module M is τ −⊕-supplemented when for every submodule N of M there exists a direct summand K of M such that M = N +K and N ∩K is τ−torsion, and M is called completely τ −⊕-supplemented if ev...

We consider the following problem: For a system consisting of two submodules, the behavior of one submodule is known as well as the desired behavior S of the global system. What should be the behavior of the second submodule such that the behavior of the composition of the two submodules conforms to S ? Solutions to this problem have been described in the context of various specification formal...