accessing the secondary or implied meaning of the text is one of the most important aims of research in the field of literature because the literariness of the text arises from this kind of meaning.  implied meaning is expressed through language and various elements related to the literary genre, and would be referred to as the text’s “language.” in order to investigate the language of short st...

The central dogma of molecular biology states that the flow of information is from DNA, through RNA, to proteins. What this means is that DNA is the storage medium of genomic information, while proteins are the molecules with functional and structural rôles. In this view, RNA is mostly considered a ‘supporting actor’, being the medium used for transporting information from storage to where it i...

DNA secondary structures containing regions of single-stranded DNA have now been identified in the genomic DNA of a number of prokaryotic and eukaryotic species, including humans. Many of these secondary structures are associated with regions of DNA involved in regulation of transcription: promoters or upstream elements. The secondary structures involved appear likely to be hairpin or cruciform...