addiction to drugs, such as heroin, cocaine and alcohol, exacts great human and financial costs on society. various evidence-based pharmacological and psychosocial interventions are currently used in the treatment of drug addiction but they do not produce adequate therapeutic benefits in every patient. further, barriers such as financial cost, lack of availability, or perceptions of existing tr...

Amination of non-activated aliphatic fatty alcohols to the corresponding primary amines was achieved through a five-enzyme cascade reaction by coupling a long-chain alcohol oxidase from Aspergillus fumigatus (LCAO_Af) with a ω-transaminase from Chromobacterium violaceum (ω-TA_Cv). The alcohol was oxidized at the expense of molecular oxygen to yield the corresponding aldehyde, which was subseque...

BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorder (AUD) affects not only an individual's health but also their family. This study was conducted to examine effects of a spouse's AUD on family functioning and family communication. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from 890 participants (445 couples) in a Korean family cohort in primary care. Participants with Alcohol Use Disorders Identific...

Despite substantial evidence for their effectiveness, the adoption of alcohol screening and brief interventions (ASBI) in routine primary care remains inconsistent. Financial incentive schemes were introduced in England between 2008 and 2015 to encourage their delivery. We used Normalisation Process Theory-informed interviews to understand the barriers and facilitators experienced by 14 general...

AIMS To assess the concurrent and the construct validity of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in an urban Brazilian sample. METHODS A random sample of 166 clients of a health management organization, participated in this study. They were visited in their households and completed a self-report questionnaire, which included the AUDIT. Later, they answered the alcohol-related...

BACKGROUND Though screening and intervention for alcohol and tobacco misuse are effective, primary care screening and intervention rates remain low. Previous studies have increased intervention rates using vital signs screening for tobacco misuse and clinician prompts for screen-positive patients for both alcohol and tobacco misuse. This pilot study's aims were: (1) To determine the feasibility...

Excessive alcohol consumption and depression are two of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, impairing quality of life, social functioning, and participation in the workplace. These mental health conditions frequently co-occur in the same individuals, exacerbating the risks and burdens for individuals and their communities. Globally, excessive alcohol consumption and depress...

Background and aims Lower socio-economic status (SES) is associated with higher alcohol-related harm despite lower levels of alcohol use. Differential vulnerability due to joint effects behavioural risk factors one potential explanation for this ‘alcohol paradox’. We analysed what extent inequalities in alcohol-mortality are mediated by alcohol, smoking body mass index (BMI), their each other S...

BACKGROUND Even though addressing lifestyle problems is a major recommendation in most guidelines for the treatment of hypertension (HTN), alcohol problems are not routinely addressed in the management of hypertension in primary health care. METHODS Internet based survey of 3081 primary care physicians, recruited via the mailing lists of associations for general practitioners (GPs) in France,...