Effect of electro migration on crystal structures of platinum nanowire (Nano bridge) during Nano-gap formation is investigated by means of Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Selected area diffraction patterns as well as bright field images are used for this investigation. There were severely recessions in the polycrystalline Nano bridge and crystal structures around the nanogap changed ...

Neurons in the visual cortex respond best to rod-like stimuli of given orientation. While the preferred orientation varies continuously across most of the cortex, there are prominent pinwheel centers around which all orientations are present. Oriented segments abound in natural images and tend to be collinear; neurons are also more likely to be connected if their preferred orientations are alig...

Large meteorite impacts cause great changes to geologic features on Earth, ranging from cratering and ejecta blankets to phase transformations in minerals. In this report we describe the effect of a shock wave on the crystallographic orientation of quartz crystals in quartzite from the Vredefort impact site in South Africa. Preferred orientation of bulk quartzite samples was measured by time-of...

preference in human primary visual cortex (V1). Each line corresponds to a different voxel (a 2 2 2 mm cube of cortex) in V1; signals from each voxel were measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Orientation preference was measured by showing human observers stimuli like the oriented grating shown in the background. The location of each line represents the location in the visual fi...

1. Recent conceptualizations of the neural systems used during navigation have classified two types of sensory information used by animals: landmark cues and internally based (idiothetic; e.g., vestibular, kinesthetic) sensory cues. Previous studies have identified neurons in the postsubiculum and the anterior thalamic nuclei that discharge as a function of the animal's head direction in the ho...

In the visual cortex of the monkey the horizontal organization of the preferred orientations of orientation-selective cells follows two opposing rules: 1) neighbors tend to have similar orientation preferences, and 2) many different orientations are observed in a local region. Several orientation models which satisfy these constraints are found to differ in the spacing and the topological index...

Revealing the layout of cortical maps is important both for understanding the processes involved in their development and for uncovering the mechanisms underlying neural computation. The typical organization of orientation maps in the cat visual cortex is radial; complete orientation cycles are mapped around orientation singularities. In contrast, long linear zones of orientation representation...