In the recent years in South Africa as elsewhere in Africa, the debate on the legitimate authority to foster democracy, community development and social equality has taken centre stage. Some scholars have argued that modern governments are the rightful authorities while others argue for traditional institutions such as traditional leadership. In this paper, we go beyond either party’s position ...

In this article, we present details about our ongoing work towards building a repository of Linguistic and Conceptual Metaphors. This resource is being developed as part of our research effort into the large-scale detection of metaphors from unrestricted text. We have stored a large amount of automatically extracted metaphors in American English, Mexican Spanish, Russian and Iranian Farsi in a ...

This paper describes a software-engineering problem, proposes a solution and shows how that solution influences language design. In many object-oriented programming languages, when implementing equality the programmer has to make sure that it obeys a set of rules, called equality contract. Not only is it difficult to adhere to these seemingly simple rules, but the equality contract itself is a ...

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A number of design and development methods, including participatory design and agile software development, are premised on an underlying assumption of equality amongst relevant stakeholders such as designers, developers, product owners, and end users. Equality, however, is not a straightforwardly accepted feature of all cultural perspectives. In this paper, we discuss the situation of equality-...

The Cai δ-equality of fuzzy sets corresponds to the Lukasiewicz t-norm. In this paper we study the notion of (∗, δ)-equality, a concept which generalizes the δ-equality to the case of the fuzzy set theory based on an arbitrary continuous t-norm ∗. We investigate the robustness of some fuzzy implication operators in terms of (∗, δ)-equality.

Based on the values-as-truisms hypothesis and inoculation theory, two experiments tested whether providing cognitive defenses for the value of equality induces resistance against a message attacking this value. Experiment 1 found that participants who generated cognitive support in an active-supportive or an active-refutational defense were less persuaded by a subsequent message attacking equal...

Inverse Young inequality asserts that if $nu >1$, then $|zw|ge nu|z|^{frac{1}{nu}}+(1-nu)|w|^{frac{1}{1-nu}}$, for all complex numbers $z$ and $w$, and equality holds if and only if $|z|^{frac{1}{nu}}=|w|^{frac{1}{1-nu}}$. In this paper the complex representation of quaternion matrices is applied to establish the inverse Young inequality for matrices of quaternions. Moreover, a necessary and ...

This paper argues that health transfers from an individual at a lower rank in the health distribution to a person at a higher rank may decrease the concentration index if the former has a slightly higher income. The concentration index, being mainly focused on the socio-economic dimension of health inequality, can produce such counter-intuitive results that overlook the pure health inequality a...